摘要
以“辽园多丽”番茄为试材,在日光温室内桶栽条件下,研究不同氮钾水平对番茄产量、品质以及蔗糖代谢的影响。结果表明:土壤中适量的氮肥配施钾肥不仅可明显促进番茄植株的营养生长,促进番茄丰产形态的建立,使产量提高,而且还可提高果实中可溶性糖含量及糖酸比,降低有机酸含量,从而提高番茄的品质。但过量施用氮肥对番茄各器官生长发育、产量以及糖分积累均不利。同时,钾离子对蔗糖代谢的相关酶具有重要的调节作用。增施钾素,提高了蔗糖代谢相关酶的活性,促进了光合产物的合成和运输,同时也促进了成熟果实中蔗糖的代谢。而氮素过高或过低均对糖代谢相关酶的活性均有抑制作用。因此,在土壤中氮素充足的条件下,应不施或少施氮肥,并适当配施钾肥,以期获得番茄的高产和优质。
“Liaoyuanduoli” tomato was planted in pot in solar greenhouse. The effects of different nitrogen and potassium levels on yield, quality and sucrose metabolism of tomato were conducted in this experiment. The results indicated that vegetation growth of tomato plant was promoted with application of potassium fertilizer on the basis of suitable nitrogen. Furthermore, there was the more of potassium fertilizer application the more of better yield configuration build of tomato to some extent. Therefore, the yield increased greatly. Soluble sugar of fruit and the ratio of sugar/acid increased and organic acid decreased with enhancing application of potassium fertilizer. Hence, fruit quality improved. On the contrary, excessive nitrogen had negative influence on all aspects which have mentioned above. K^＋ played an important role in regulating sucrose-metabolizing enzymes. Activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes were enhanced with increasing application of potassium. were accelerated, and the hydrolysis of sucrose was s Hence, synthesize and transport of photosynthates trengthened of ripe fruit. Activities of sucrosemetabolizing enzymes were restrained with excessive or deficient application of nitrogen while it was benefit to increase activities of enzymes of proper nitrogen level in soil. In a word, as to obtain high yield and quality tomato, it would be more preferable to apply little or absent nitrogen fertilizer when there was enough nitrogen in soil and to apply proper potassium.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2005年第11期251-255,337,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目"番茄光合运转糖-蔗糖的代谢及其调控"(30170640)辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目"设施番茄光合物质生产
分 配与代谢的环境调控机理研究"(20022080)
关键词
番茄
氮钾处理
产量
品质
蔗糖代谢
Tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）, Different nitrogen and potassium levels, Yield,Quality, Sucrose metabolism
