摘要
本文探讨了中国近两千多年来东部季风区与西部内陆干旱区以及气候变迁与气候波动韵律的分异及其对应关系，丝绸之路的总体兴衰之间的相关关系．
The relationship between the difference of climatic changes between the monsoon climatic area of east China and the inland arid area of northwest China since recent 2000 years is a quite complicated and controversial problem. The climatic fluetuations in the monsoon climatic area of east China occurred alternately by the warm-humid and cold-dry climate, whereas the corresponding ones in the inland arid area of west China occurred alternately by the cold-humid and warm-dry climate. The warm-humid periods and cold-dry periods of east China corrcsponded with the co1d-humid periods and warm-dry periods of west China respectively. The 1ongitudinal difference between East China and west China is 30~40°, and the cold pcriods developed from the East Asian coast of the Pacific to the inland areas westward. Therefore, the big cold-warm climatic difference between east China and west China with the same latitude occurred in the same Period. During the warm-humid periods, the winter air temperature in east China was 1 ~2℃ higher than the averagc value in the Same area, and the annual precipitation was 200~300mm more than that in cold periods. Thus, the agricu1tural production developed stcadily in the east area, the society was stuble, thc nahonal power was strengthened, and there was a requirement of external trade. At that tboe, the inland area of northwest China was in cold-humid period, the precipitation incrcased, thc oases expended, and the economy of all the nomadic tribes was relatively booming. Therefore, the ethnic relations between east and west China and international relahons were in a relative friendly state, and the unimpeded economic trade and cultural exchange between the East and the West were ensured. During the cold-dry periods in east China and warm-dry periods in west China, the agricultural production in cast China dropped, the national power of the feudal polihcal power in Central Plains decAned and could not maintain the unblockage of the Silk road, and the nomadic nationalities in west China aggressed eastward due to the environmental declination and the increasc of population pressure. Thus the trade and cultural exchange between the East and the West were suspended. Therefore, there was a close relation between the difference of climatic changes between east China and west China and the rise and decline of the Silk road.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第3期50-57,共8页
Arid Land Geography
