摘要
江苏北部潮滩宽阔而平坦,历史上就是人类活动比较频繁的地区。随着对潮滩开发利用强度和深度的增加,人类对潮滩发育的影响越来越显著。潮滩剖面自然发育的均衡形态为上凸型;潮滩被围垦并建堤后,改变了原有的水沙动态平衡关系,潮滩剖面形态发生了调整,海堤附近的潮水沟则不断被淤积。大米草和互花米草等植被的引种改变了潮滩生态结构,由于植被能降低水流流速和波浪能量,起到捕捉沉积物的作用,因此能增加潮间带滩面的淤积速率,改变潮滩分带结构;此外,植被的存在还影响到滩面潮水沟的形态。港口工程的建设改变了沉积物的输运方向。
Tidal flat in North Jiangsu Province is very extensive,where human beings take activities strongly and frequently in history. With the incrising of exploisive intensity of tidal flat in North Jiangsu Province, the impacts of human beings＇ activities on tidal fiat evolution are more markable. The natural equilibrium shape of tidal fiat section is protruding, but the section will be adjused because of the changing of equilibrium relationship between water and sediments after tidal fiat reclamated and sea wall built, and tidal creek near the sea wall accumulated. The ecosystem structure on tidal fiat changed after introducing plant such as Spartina anglica ,Spartina alterniflora. Beacuase plant decreases current speed and weakens wave energy, the plant plays the role of catching sediments. These impacts increase the accretion rates on tidal fiat and change the zonable structure on tidal fiat, moreover ,the shape of tidal creek in inter-tidal fiat changed because of the existence of plant. Besides, the sediment transportation direction would be changed after port engineering built.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期614-620,共7页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:49976026)资助
关键词
人类活动
潮滩
影响
江苏北部
human beings＇ activities
tidal flat
impacts
North Jiangsu Province
