摘要
目前新能源的发展普遍存在着数量和质量两大问题,世界许多国家均以制定新能源政策为手段,以促进新能源产业的健康发展。文章对世界主要国家新能源政策进行了系统梳理,探讨世界新能源政策的框架基础与形成机制。其框架基础包括战略规划、法律法规和管理体系3个方面,在形成机制上,表现为“关注外部性”和“持续自生”两大原则及“推动”和“引导”一组合力。并从新能源产业的“生产前—生产—市场—消费”四大阶段具体阐述了世界新能源政策框架,力图为我国新能源产业的持续健康发展提供有益的思路与借鉴。
After perusing numerous new energy policies in the main countries of the world, this paper firstly analyses two main kinds of problems in industrialization of new energy, namely quantity problems and quality problems, which combine to baffle the development of new energy. The paper integrates these policies to get an elementary framework of the world＇s new energy policy, and analyses its foundation and mechanism.Numerous and complicated new energy policies have three types of foundation in common, which are strategic programming, laws and statutes and administration systems. These policies follow two principles and are driven by two kinds of forces. These principles and forces help to form the world＇s new energy policy framework and the mechanism. The two principles are focusing on external costs and self- sustaining development. One of the forces is to promote development of new energy through enforcement; the other is through economic stimulation and improvement in public services. Based on above analyses, this paper makes a full explanation and assessment to major new energy policies throughout the four phases of new energy industry, which are pre-production, production, marketing and consumption, and intends to offer a helpful reference to sustainable and healthy development of new energy industry in China： 1 ） In pre- production phase, the world＇s new energy policies aim at supporting and assuring the progress of new energy technology, and gaining steady and abundant capital, and the world＇s new energy policies in this phase include three kinds which are promoting R＆D, multiplex financing and reducing investment costs;2） In production phase, the policies aim at enlarging equipment capacity, increasing total production and production efficiency, and the world＇s new energy policies in this phase fall into three kinds including regulating production capacity, reducing production costs and advancing technology ;3）In marketing phase, the policies aim at exploiting market, occupying market and promoting commercial profits, and the world＇s new energy policies at this phase are admittance to the market, regulating the price, and market standardization and services; 4）In consumption phase, the policies aim at increase consumers＇ purchase consciousness and interest to help the market self-support, and assessing PBF of the end-user on the principle of “the more consumption, the more payment” in order to support the four phases of the development of new energy, and the world＇s new energy policies at this phase are consumption quota, price subsidy, and favorable consumption costs.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期62-69,共8页
Resources Science
基金
国家"211"二期工程重大项目"不同时空尺度环境演变和生态建设"。
