摘要
建筑物火灾中人员的疏散时间主要包括反应时间(P re-evacuation tim e)和在通道上的疏散时间(trave l tim e)。利用国外最新的研究成果,对人员反应时间的分布如何影响在通道上的的疏散时间和总的疏散时间进行了研究。结果表明:当反应时间很短时,行走(trave lling)和排队等待(queu ing)效应控制着整个疏散时间;当预反应时间较长时,行走和排队等待效应不重要了,而反应时间起主要作用。讨论了在人员高密度的条件下疏散模拟的结果。
The evacuation time of a building in an emergency can be broken down into a number of constituent times including the pre-evacuation time and the travel time. This paper examines how distributions of pre-evacuation times affect the occupant travel time and hence their effect on the evacuation time in the Simulex model. A simple scenario is assessed mathematically and compared with the results from Simulex with further simulations carried out on a somewhat more complex scenario. The results have shown that when the pre-evacuation distribution is small the travelling and queuing effects dominate the simulated evacuation time. When the pre- evacuation distribution is large, then travelling and queuing effects are not so important and it is the pre-evacuation time that dominates. Finally, the paper examines some aspects of the Simulex model in situations where there is a high occupant density in a space.
出处
《消防科学与技术》
CAS
2005年第5期532-536,共5页
Fire Science and Technology
基金
国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目"城市突发重大事故风险控制与应急技术研究及试点"(2001BA803B01)
