摘要
分家习惯在中国已延续两千余年,在这一习惯内部,已形成较为稳固的内容和程序,其效力一直受到国家法的承认。然而,随着20世纪初期中国大规模地移植西方法,分家习惯退出了国家法领域。分家习惯与西方继承法所调整的继承行为有着不同的性质。分家意味着,无论父母生前还是死后,亲子都可以参与家庭财产的分割；继承则是承受死者的个人财产。研究近代中国的分家契约可以发现,分家一直是中国家庭财产领域中的主要行为模式。可见,在近代中国的财产继承领域中存在着规则冲突的格局,即分家习惯与继承法难以兼容。揭示这一格局,对我们认识民事习惯与中国民法典编纂之间的关系有着重要意义。
The custom of family division,including some fixed contents and procedures,had the force or validity of law in ancient China for two thousand years.However,with the extensive transplantation of Western law in the early 20th century,this custom finally retreated from the Chinese legal system.The custom of family division and the conduct of succession are different in nature.In family division,family property can be distributed among sons,whether the parents are alive or dead.In succession,only the individual property of the deceased can be inherited. Research on family division contracts of the late Qing and Republican periods shows that the custom of family division was a dominant mode of conduct in the realm of family property in China.It is obvious that there is a conflicting structure:the custom of family division was not consistent with succession law.Revealing this structure may be helpful in understanding the relations between the private usage and the establishment of Chinese Civil Code.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第5期119-130,共12页
Social Sciences in China
