摘要
目的:了解深圳市住院流浪精神病患者特点。方法:选择2003-06/2004-06在深圳市康宁医院住院的流浪精神病患者96例(观察组);同期入院的其他精神病患者中随机选取96例作为对照组,对两组患者进行一般资料和临床资料的调查统计,用大体评定量表、躯体生活自理量表、阳性与阴性症状量表评定入院时的精神状况。结果:192例患者全部进入结果分析。①两组入院原因、合并躯体疾病、精神科诊断比较:观察组中,男性患者占62%(59/96),因伤人毁物肇事行为入院者占68%(65/96),合并的躯体疾病者占76%(73/96),诊断精神分裂症者占81%(78/96),既往有精神病史者占46%(44/96),均高于对照组犤45%(43/96),29%(28/96),27%(26/96),55%(53/96),27%(26/96),P<0.01～0.05犦。②两组患者大体评定量表、躯体生活自理量表、阳性与阴性症状量表评分比较:观察组入院时大体评定量表评分低于对照组(15.6±6.2,28.2±7.9,P<0.05);躯体生活自理量表评分,阳性与阴性症状量表评分,其中阴性症状分,一般病理症状分均高于对照组犤18.5±4.4,12.1±3.1;99.6±14.8,77.3±13.5;39.7±7.4,22.3±5.7;41.2±7.9;34.9±6.8,P<0.05或P<0.01犦。③两组患者住院时间、自动出院率、欠费率及出院时疗效转归比较:观察组住院时间明显低于对照组犤(14.8±8.3)d,(28.5±12.9)d,P<0.05犦。观察组自动出院者占60%(58/96),最终欠费者占85%(82/96),均高于对照组犤9%(9/96),2%(2/96),P<0.01～0.05犦。出院时疗效显著好转以上者(阳性与阴性症状量表评分的减分率50%以上者为显著好转)占9%(9/96),低于对照组犤59%(57/96),P<0.01犦。结论:流浪精神病患者精神症状较严重,多伴发躯体疾病。住院时间短,自动出院率高,出院时欠费率高。阴性症状突出,生活自理能力低,疗效较差。
AIM： To investigate the characteristics of the homeless inpatients with psychosis in Shenzhen city. METHODS： Ninety-six inpatients with psychosis （observation group） in the Shenzhen Kangning Hospital between June 2003 and June 2004, and other 96 hospitalized patients with psychosis at the same period （control group） were involved in the study. The general information and clinical data were investigated and statistically analyzed, the mental status of the patients at admission was evaluated with gross assessment scale, somatic living self-care scale, positive and negative symptom scale. RESULTS： All the 192 patients were involved in the analysis of results. ① Comparison of the reasons for admission, complication of somatic diseases and psychotic diagnosis： In the observation group, 62% （59/96） of the patients were male, 68% （65/96） of the patients were hospitalized for the behaviors of hurting others, damaging things and causing troubles, 76% （73/96） were complicated with somatic disease, 81% （78/96） were diagnosed to have schizophrenia, and 46% （44@6） had history of psychosis in the past, all were higher than those in the control group [45% （43/96）, 29% （28/96）, 27% （26/96）, 55% （53/96）, 27% （26.96）, P 〈 0.01 to 0.05]. ② Comparison of the scores of gross assessment scale, somatic living self-care scale, positive and negative symptom scale： At admission, the score of gross assessment scale in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （15.6±6.2, 28.2±7.9, P 〈 0.05）, and the scores of somatic living self-care scale, positive and negative symptom scale, and the scores of negative symptom and common pathological symptom were all higher in the observation group than in the control group （18.5±4.4, 12.1±3.1; 99.6±14.8, 77.3±13.5; 39.7±7.4, 22.3±5.7; 41.2±7.9, 34.9±6.8, P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. ③ Comparison of length of stay, rate of automatic discharge, rate of owing money to hospital, effect and prognosis at discharge： The length of stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group [（14.8±8.3）, （28.5±12.9） days, P 〈 0.05], rate of automatic discharge and rate of owing money to hospital were both higher in the observation group [60% （58/96）, 85% （82/96）] than in the control group [9%（9/96）, 2%（2,96）, P 〈 0.01 to 0.05]; The effect of significantly turning better and above （the rate decreasing score rate of positive and negative symptom scale of 50% and above was taken as significantly turning better）at discharge was lower in the observation group than in the control group [9% （9/96）, 59% （57/96）, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： The homeless inpatients with psychosis have severer psychotic symptoms, and they are always complicated with somatic diseases. They have shorter length of stay, higher rate of automatic discharge, and higher rate of owing money to hospital at discharge. Their positive symptoms are outstanding, lower ability of self-care, and worse curative effects.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第24期36-37,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
