摘要
学校中儿童欺负、受欺负受许多因素的影响,其中家庭因素起了重要的影响作用。依恋理论、社会学习论以及家庭系统论从不同的角度阐述了家庭影响儿童欺负的机制。欺负者、受欺负者以及欺负受欺负者生活在不同的家庭环境中,父母所采取的教养方式具有很大的差异。男孩受欺负者的家庭过分亲密,而女孩受欺负者的家庭成员联系少,母亲对孩子故意、拒绝;欺负者的家庭通常具有高权利需求、低亲和性的特点,父母通常采用专制型的教养风格;欺负受欺负者的家庭除了具有高暴力、低温暖的特征之外,父母管教方式通常不一致。兄弟姐妹关系也影响儿童的同伴交往技能和同伴地位。
Family is one of the most important environments that influences school bullies and victims. Attachment theory, Social learning theory and Family system theory explain from different perspectives the pathways by which family affects children＇ s interaction with peers. Parenting styles and parents＇ characteristics of bullies, victims and bully/victims are different. Families of male victims are too cohesive, but families of female victims are unhealthy, their mothers are always hostile and rejecting. Bullies often have authoritarian parents, and their families are often characterized by high power needs and low cohesion. Parents of bully victims are likely to provide inconsistent discipline, and families of bully victims are often high in violence and low in warmth. Sibling relationships also influence children＇s peer status and peer relationships.
出处
《山东师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
北大核心
2005年第3期127-131,共5页
Journal of Shandong Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
