摘要
黑河流域土地沙漠化及水资源合理利用一直是该流域研究的焦点问题。文章首先从土地沙漠化分布范围、种类、面积、沙漠化程度等方面,分析了黑河流域土地沙漠化的现状:土地沙漠化主要发生在流域的中下游地区,尤以额济纳绿洲沙漠化形势严峻;其次,从地表水、地下水之水质、水量方面分析了黑河流域水环境变化的状况:人类不合理的经济活动,导致黑河流域水资源环境恶化,具体表现在地下水、地表水水位下降、水质恶化。在此基础上,从黑河流域地表水及地下水着手,初步提出了黑河流域土地沙漠化的水文学指征体系:其中,地表水主要包括蒸发与蒸腾的消耗、径流和渗漏3个部分;径流部分又分为地表水流经区域及水量变化、干流水量的系列变化以及泥沙沉积3方面;地下水则主要有水质变化及水位的连续变化2方面。
The issue on land desertification and the rational uses of water resource is still a hot problem in the Heihe catchment. Based on the latest data, we firstly analyzed on current status of desertification from the aspects of the area, types, distribution, and degree. Land desertificaiton mainly occurred in the middle and lower reaches of Heihe River catchment especially in the Erjina oasis. Secondly, hydro-environment changes were tremendous mostly in the middle reaches; the surface water runoff and the groundwater table decline, and water quality deteriorates. The origin and development of desertification in the middle and lower reaches of Heihe River catchment were resulted from the combined effects of natural processes and human activities especially the misuse of water resources. The human activities play an important role in the development of desertification. Lastly, we put forward the hydrological indicators of desertification in two aspects：surface water and groundwater.
出处
《中国地质灾害与防治学报》
CSCD
2005年第3期82-85,共4页
The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划973项目<中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究>(G2000048705)资助。
关键词
人类活动
水资源
土地沙漠化
水文学指征
黑河流域
甘肃省
human activities
water resources
land desertification
hydrological indicators
the Heihe River catchment
Gansu Province
