摘要
选择9个弃耕地,对群落内植物种类、盖度、密度和生物量进行调查,分析了黄土丘陵沟壑区弃耕地植被恢复演替与物种多样性变化过程,结果表明:1)在弃耕时间为2,6,9,13,16,19,25,30和40年的群落中,演替序列为:猪毛蒿Artemisiascopari群落→达乌里胡枝子Lespedezadavurica群落→冰草Agropyroncristatum群落→(达乌里胡枝子+铁杆蒿A.sacrorum)群落→白羊草Bothriochloaischaemum群落→(白羊草+达乌里胡枝子)群落→(长芒草Stipabungeana+达乌里胡枝子)群落→狼牙刺Sophoraviciifolia群落;2)整个演替阶段的生活型:一年生草本群落→多年生草本群落→半灌木群落→灌丛群落;3)演替阶段主要以菊科、禾本科、豆科植物为主;4)Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数在9年达到最高值,在25年时最低,而Simpose指数呈相反的趋势;5)2个相邻演替阶段具有较高的相似性系数。该区弃耕地植被恢复的进展演替缓慢,物种组成单一,群落结构简单,可以通过人为干扰(如补植等)加速植被的恢复。
This paper is a study about the species diversity evolvement process during vegetation restoration of abandoned farmland in the hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau. Based on the community investigation and analysis of different abandoned field succession stages from 2, 6, 9, 13, 16, 19 , 25, 30 and 40 years, the results show that the succession series is Artemisia scoparia community→Lespedeza davurica community→Agropyron cristaturn community→L. davurica and a. sacrorurn community→Bothriochloa ischaernurn community→B, ischaernum and L. davurica community→ Stipa bungeana and L. davurica community→Sophora viciifolia community. From the analysis of vegetative life style during the succession process, we can conclude that the succession trend changes from the annual herb, dominant community to the perennial herb dominant community, the subshrub dominant community and the following shrub dominant community. The vegetation restoration type is mainly Compositae, Gramineae and Legunminosae. In the ninth year of the succession stage, the Shannonwiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index appeared maximum, fluctuant down during the stage 9 to 40 years. The minimal index is 25 years abandoned stage and then a little increase to the 40 years abandoned stage. The similarity coefficient analysis shows that the neighboring succession stages have much higher similarity coefficient, meanwhile the farther succession stages appear lower similarity. In this area, vegetation restoration process is very slow at abandoned fields, and much of the species are homology. The structure of community is simple. Through manmade disturbance （such as seeding） can solve the question mentioned above and accelerate vegetation restoration in the same time.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2005年第9期1-8,共8页
Pratacultural Science
基金
中国科学院西部之光人才基金项目(2001)
知识创新(KZCX01-6)项目
国家自然科学基金(90302005)
2003年校青年基金(20030203071)项目
关键词
黄土丘陵区
弃耕地
演替序列
生活型结构
物种组成
相似性系数
物种多样性指数
the hilly loess plateau
abandoned field
succession series
the structure of life style
species composition
similarity index
index of species diversity
