摘要
基于长江上游110个相互独立的子流域控制性水文站1956～1987年的输沙模数,结合GIS空间分析技术,对长江上游侵蚀产沙空间分布特征进行研究,并从土壤、地形、降雨、土地利用和岩性等方面分区探讨了侵蚀产沙区域分异的原因。结果表明:(1)上世纪50年代至80年代,长江上游侵蚀产沙的空间变化主要受自然环境控制,人为活动的影响是次要的。降雨是侵蚀产沙的主控因子,土壤特性与地形条件也有重要影响。(2)降雨和土壤特性对各地区产沙分异的影响最为普遍;地形在地势起伏不大的地区,表现更为突出;岩性在重点产沙区具有显著影响。总体上自然因子对西部人口分布较少的地区解释力较高,对东部人口密度较大的地区解释力较低。
Using long-term mean sediment load recorded at 110 independent hydrological stations in the upper Yangtze River and spatial interpolation techniques,this paper explored the spatial distribution of sediment yield of the river basin and the contributions to sediment yield from soil,terrain,rainfall,land use and lithology factors in different regions. The main findings are:(1)The distributive character of sediment yield in the upper Yangtze River could be described well from the sediment load records of independent hydrological stations.(2)The spatial change of sediment yield in the upper Yangtze River was primarily controlled by the natural environment and the impact of human activities was secondary over the period from the 1950s to the 1980s. Rainfall was the main controlling factor to sediment yield,soil and terrain characteristics also exerted significant impacts.(3)Rainfall and soil characteristics were the most common influencing factors to sediment yield in all the subareas of the river basin,but terrain factor greatly affected the sediment yield in the subareas with relatively gentle terrain and lithology became the first influencing factor in the principal sediment source areas. Overall,natural factors played a more important role in the spatial variations of sediment yield in the western sparsely populated areas.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期660-667,共8页
Mountain Research
基金
水利部公益性行业科研专项(编号:2007SHZ0901034)~~
