摘要
目的 探讨颅脑创伤的发生规律和临床特点,为制定预防和控制措施提供科学依据.方法 对3960例颅脑创伤患者的年龄、性别、职业、受伤机制、时间分布、伤情资料、治疗方式及治疗结果等临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 患者男女比例为3.5∶1,高发年龄20～49岁,工人(35.3%)、农民(26.4%)和学生(9.8%)是前三位高发人群.1月和12月为高发时间段,公路(52.3%)、工地(25.9%)和家中(9.9%)是颅脑创伤主要发生地点,交通伤(58.1%)、高处坠落伤(17.7%)和击打伤(11.4%)为主要致病原因.合并伤以颌面部(33.6%)最多,其次为四肢(16.8%)、体表(13.4%)和胸部(10.9%)合并伤.创伤以轻型(54.8%)颅脑创伤多见,其次为重型(23.9%)和中型(21.3%),重型颅脑创伤的病死率为20.9%.结论 颅脑创伤发病群体以青壮年男性为主,主要致病原因为交通事故伤害.应根据不同人群和职业特点,因地制宜地采取预防和控制措施,以有效降低其发病率.
Objective To explore the incidence and clinical features of traumatic brain injury (TBI) so as to provide some reference for making preventive and control measures. Methods Influence factors of 3960 TBI patients, such as age, sex, occupation, injury mechanisms, time distribution, injury information, treatments results and so on were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 3960 cases, males to females ratio was 3.5∶1, the major TBI victim was 20-49 years old, workers (35.3%), farmers (26.4%) and students (9.8%) were the top 3 incidence occupations. TBI mostly happened in January and December, and mostly happened on road (52.3%), at work place (25.9%) and at home (9.9%). The major causes were traffic accidents (58.1%), falling from high (17.7%) and violence (11.4%). It could also had the rate of 33.6%, 16.8%, 13.4% and 10.9% to get Maxillofacial region injury, limbs injury, body surface injury and chest injury happen together, respectively. Light injury (54.8%) was seen more frequently than severe injury (23.9%) and moderate injury (21.3%), the mortality of severe injury was 20.9%. Conclusions Young males are the biggest part patients of TBI, and the major causes of TBI is traffic accident. The incidence of TBI is related to factors such as age, sex, occupation and so on, different preventive and control measures according to different influence factors can be taken to decrease the incidence of it.
出处
《中国实用医刊》
2010年第8期19-21,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine
关键词
创伤颅脑
流行病学
Traumatic brain injury
Epidemiology
