摘要
利用藏北高原五道梁所获取的一年地面辐射观测资料（１９９３年８月一１９９４年７月），计算分析了该地区２６个晴天个例的辐射收支特征。结果表明，该地区大气透明度高，太阳直接辐射和总辐射强，太阳总辐射３月的剧增和１０月的锐减造成地面加热场强度的突变，影响高原行星边界层内平均气压系统的季节性转换，地表反射率的季节变化明显，夏季地表反射率为０．１９—０．２５，冬季则高达０．３０—０．３４；太阳紫外总辐射较平原地区强，夏半年紫外总辐射与太阳总辐射的比值超过４％，冬半年则在３．５％左右；地表有效辐射较强，其年变化特征为春、秋季有效辐射强，冬、夏季较弱；地表净辐射夏季强，冬季弱，１２月份净辐射日总量可出现负值，但由于冬季土壤中有部分热量释放弥补了地表净辐射的亏损，致使该地区全年地面加热场可能均为热源，夏季加热强度较大，冬季则非常弱，１１一１月加热强度仅为１—２ＭＪｍ－’·ｄ－’。
n this paper, the characteristics of surface radiation budget for 26 clear days are calculated and analysed by using the surface radiation data observed in Wudaoliang of the Northern Tibetan Plateau for the period from September 1993 to August 1994.The results show that, in this area, the atmospecric transparency is very high. and the solar direct radiation and global radiation are very strong. Because the global radiation increse rapidly in March and decreased quickly in October. It causes the season transformation. There is obvious seasonal variaton for surface albedo, the albedo is 0. 19-0.25 in summer and 0.30-0.34 in winter. Solar ultraviolet radiation on the plateau is larger than that on the eastern plain, the ratio of ultraviolet to global radiation is more than 4% in summer half-year and about 3.5% in winter half-year. The surface effective radiation is larger and its annual variation is larger in spring and autumn but smaller in summer and winter. The surface net radiaton is larger in summer and smaller in winter, it appeares the negative value in December. Because the heat is released from soil to the air in winter, so the surface heating fields may be acted as the heat source for whole year. The heating intensity is strong in summer, and weak in winter with the value only 1-1MJm-'.d-' from November to January.
出处
《太阳能学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第4期340-346,共7页
Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica
基金
国家攀登计划
关键词
辐射收支
季节变化
地面
加热场
太阳辐射
orthern Tibetan Plaleau, radiation energy budget, seasonal variation, surface heating fields
