摘要
求文首先阐述了三峡水库下泄流量过程、含沙量过程及悬移质级配的变化和长江中下游河道边界条件，以及下泄水沙条件变化对河床演变的影响。其次介绍了三峡水库修建后长江中、下游河道冲刷的预报，包括冲刷概况、冲刷重量、冲刷深度以及水位降低等。同时分析了冲刷的特点及机理，并用三门峡水库下游黄河、丹江口水库下游汉江、葛洲坝水库下游荆江的实际冲刷资料和美国柯罗拉多河上三座水库下游河道冲刷数据论证了研究结果的合理性。最后论证了三峡水库下游河道冲刷导致长江水位降低和洞庭湖减淤等，在整体上对防洪是有明显效益的；至于冲刷过程中的河道普遍展宽并不可能，但局部崩岸需要而且可能防止。
This paper, first, illustrates the variation of undersluice flow discharge, sediment concentration and granular size distribution of suspended load from the Three Gorge Reservoir, both the boundary conditions of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the influence of the variation of undersluice flow and sediment discharge on the fluvial process. Second, the erosion of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River downstream the Three Gorge Reservoir is predicted, including the scoured amount,the scoured depth and the decrease of water level. Third, the erosion characteristics and mechanism are studied and the reliability of the research results is verified by the date measured in the river course downstream the Sanmenxia Reservoir of the Yellow River,the river course downstream the Danjiangkou Reservoir in the Han River, and the river reaches downstream three reservoirs separately of Colorado River in the U. S. Finally,it is demonstrated that the erosion of the river course downstream the Three Gorge Reservoir will reduce the water level of the Yangtze River and the deposition in the Dongting lake and will benefit the flood prevention, and the widening of the river is impossible as a whole, but the local bank caving has to be and is possible to be prevented.
出处
《水力发电学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第3期34-46,共13页
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering
关键词
三峡水库
河床演变
冲刷
防洪
崩岸
Erosion of river course downstream reservoir Flood preventionVariation of undersluice flow Sediment discharge Boundary conditions Bank caving
