摘要
动床河工模型试验中，由于采用轻质模型沙而不可避免地出现时间比尺变态问题。通过实验分析，得出时间变态将导致模型中非恒定水流的流量、水位、流速以及水流挟沙力均产生偏离，偏离的大小和方向与下列几个因素有关：（１）河段槽蓄量的大小；（２）时间比尺变态率的大小；（３）流量台阶的特性（历时和变幅）；（４）涨水过程或降水过程。最后得出了计算涨水过程中挟沙力因子偏差大小的关系式，该式对模型设计中正确选用模型沙和合理概化流量过程线有参考价值。
In mobile bed river model test, the time scale distortion is unavoidable becauseof using the light model sand. Experimental study shows that the time scale distortion results in the deviations of discharge, stage, velocity and sediment-carrying capacity of nonsteady flow. The magnitude and tendency of the deviations depend on: (1) channel storage,(2) rate of time scale distortion, (3 ) discharge increment (duration, magnitude), (4) riverrising or lowering process. The formula of calculating the deviation of sediment-carryingcapacity during river rising process has been obtained, which has reference value for proprelyselecting model sand and for reasonably generalizing the discharge hydrograph during modeldesign.
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
1995年第8期51-54,共4页
Yangtze River
关键词
非恒定流
动床模型试验
泥沙
挟沙力
Mobile bed model test Unsteady seepage Time factor Model sandExperimental research
