摘要
目前，国内外主要用银及其合金作为低压电器中的低、中负荷触头的基体材料。由于银的价格昂贵，研制无银电触头材料显然具有重大的经济意义。因此，利用粉末冶金法研制成功了几种铜基电接触复合材料，并且着重就其中的Ｃｕ－石墨（３）－Ｚｎｏ（２）－Ｗ这种四组元材料触头与银触头的主要性能作了系统的对比试验研究。结果表明，由于石墨、金属氧化物和高熔点金属等的加入，铜基触头材料的电性能和摩擦学特性都达到或超过了银触头的水平。石墨在铜基材料中的分布均匀，不仅对材料具有保护作用，而且还能够起润滑和抗熔焊作用；金属氧化物具有良好的灭电弧能力；高熔点金属作为硬质相可以增强材料的耐磨性。由此可见，这种四组元铜基电接触复合材料具有良好的耐磨、减摩、抗熔焊和耐电弧侵蚀性能等优点，而且所用基材铜的价格比较便宜，故其是一种具有良好推广应用前景的工程材料。
At present,silver and its alloys are used as matrix material of low-medium loadelectric corltacts in abroad and home。As silver is very exl1ensive,it is of great economicsignificance to develop the non- silver electric contact materials.The copper-base electric contactcomposites have been successfully developed with powder metallurgy methed。The main propertiesof contact consisted of Cu-graphite(3)-ZnO(2)-W were systematically investigated as comparedwith those of silver contact. The results showed that the electric and tribological properties ofcopper-base contact material are equal to or better than those of silver contact due to the addition ofgraphite,metal-oxides and high-melting point metal etc。 Graphite has been well-distributed in thecopper-base material.Not only it is of the protection effect to material but also it has the lubrieationand antiwelding effects;metal-oxides have the good arc suppressing property;as the hard phase thehigh-melting point metal can increase the antiwear property of the material. It is can be seen fromabove-mentioned,this copper-base electric contact compooite has the advantages of good antiwear,decrcasing friction,antiwelding and arc suppressing etc,and the copper matrix material is notexpensive,so the copper-base electric contact composite is a good engineering material which can bepopularized in further use.
出处
《摩擦学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第1期19-28,共10页
Tribology
关键词
铜基
电接触材料
低压电器
摩擦学特性
复合材料
copper-base electric contact material,low voltage electrieal equipment,electric contact,electric property,antiwelding,arc suppressing,tribological property
