摘要
本文描述了中国植物区系中西南部(或和喜马拉雅等地一起)与台湾,四川与日本,西南、华南或华东与华北、东北和西伯利亚等地,横断山脉两侧,亚洲大陆与爪哇,以及西南或南部与欧洲等间断分布式样,共16个,并做出初步解释。
In the present paper 16 patterns of disjunction found in the flora ofChina are discerned and preliminary interpretations are given. The causesof the formation of these patterns ara all ascribed to historical geologicalevents. The violent climatic changes during the Quaternary glacial perio-ds undoubtedly had a vast effect on the formation of the pa-tterns Ⅰ—XⅢ of disjunetion either in west-east direction or in north-southone. Judgiag from the facts that the primitive taxa of Calathodes, Whytockiaand Boehmeria blinii all occur in Southwest China and their advanced onesin Taiwan and that the distribution centre of the Anemone hupehensis complex(A. hupehensis, A. vitifolia, and A. tomentosa) is located in the HengduanMountains of Southwest China, and A. hnpehensis f. alba ia disjunctivelydistributed in Southwest China and Taiwan, I would speculate that mightexist a migration route in west-east direction from Southwest China toEast China (even further eastward to Japan) durigg the Tertiary, and thisvery route might be the migraiton route between the floras of SouthwestChina and East China, including Taiwan, during the Quaternary glacial periods. On the basis of the disjunction patterns of Thaliatrum aguilegifoliumvar. sibiricum, Ranunculus repens and other relevant taxa mentioned in thetext I would suggest that there might be two migration routes in north-so-uth direction in the eastern part of China during the Quaternary glacialperiods. One route might start from Siberia or Northeast China and stre-tched southward through the North China plain and the hilly regions ofCentral China to South China and vice versa. The other route might setout from Siberia or Northeast China too and prolonged southwestward viathe eastern margin of the Loess Plateau and the Qinling Mountains to theeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau or even further southward to northwestern Yunnan and vice versa. The pattern XIV might be formed bythe effect of the Yanshan Orogeny in the late Cretaceous or of the Hima-layan Orogeny during the Tertiary. The pattern XV might come intoexistence due to the marine transgressions which might take place in theMalayan Peninsula and Indonesia in the late Eocene. The uplift of theXizang plateau in the Tertiary might be the cause for the occurrence ofthe pattern XVI, i. e., the disintegration of the distribution areas ofSymphytnm Officlnale, the genus Helleborus, and the tribe Ramondieae, aad thesegregation of the two sister groups, sect. Anthriscifolium and sect. Delphi-nium, of the subgenus Delphinium of the genus Delphinium.
出处
《植物研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第1期1-16,共16页
Bulletin of Botanical Research
