摘要
本文采用笔者自行设计和组装的人工气候箱装置,对天然羊草(Aneurolepidium chine-nse)群落的水分状况进行了研究。结果表明,在生长季各时期的晴天条件下,羊草群落蒸腾、蒸散速率的日进程曲线均为双峰型。群落的蒸腾、蒸散速率与太阳总辐射强度和气温呈正相关,与空气相对湿度呈负相关。群落的无效水分散失比率与蒸腾速率呈负相关。群落中植物的蒸腾强度,以开花期最高,为1.156g/cm^2(叶面积)/d;整个群落的蒸腾速率在种子蜡熟期达到最高值,为4861.07g/m^2(地面)/d。群落的蒸散速率在6月份最高,达6454.36g/m^2/d。群落月蒸散、蒸腾耗水量的最大值分别出现在6月份和8月份,各为125.9mm和83.9mm。在生长季中,群落的总耗水量与总降水量基本相等,但二者的季节消长不同步。在植物生长发育早期的6月份,水分亏缺严重,使群落对后期充沛的降水不能有效利用,群落生产力低下。
The water condition of Aneurolepidium chinense community was studi-ed in A. chinense grassland in Northeast China by method. of the artific-ial climatic chamber. The results showed that under the condition of typi-cal climate (clear day), all of the diurnal curves of the transpiration rate(Tr) and evapotranspiration rate(ET) of A.chinense community in vario-us peroids of the growing season were of the double-peak type. There ex-isted positive correlations between Tr(ET) and solar radiation and airtemperature, and negative correlations between Tr(ET) and air relativehumidity. There existed a negative correlation between the ineffective wa-ter lost ratio (IR) and Tr.Tr of plants in the community was the high-est in florescence, which was 1.156g·cm^(-2)·d^(-1); Tr of the community reachedits highest value, which was 4861.67g·m^(-2)d^(-1), in late July. The highest va-lue of ET happened in late June, which was 6454.36g·m^(-2)·d^(-1). Monthly Trand ET had their highest values, 83.9mm and 125.9mm, in late August andlate June respectively. The water consumption of the community and theprecipitation equaled roughly within the whole growing season, but theseasonal variation of the two were not alike, so there was a serious waterdefic(?)t in June, which is the early peroid of the growing season, This ma-kes the community unable to use the abundant precipitation fully and ef-fectively and productivity was therefore not high.
关键词
羊草群落
蒸腾
水分亏缺
Aneurolepidium chinense community
Transpiration and evapotranspiration
Ineffective water lost ratio
Water deficit
