摘要
目的:探讨戒毒康复工作者的职业倦怠状况,并分析工龄、职称、工作量及性别产生的差异。方法:于2004年10月运用经过信度与效度检验的职业倦怠调查表对重庆市某戒毒劳教大队105名戒毒康复工作者的职业倦怠状况进行评定。考察不同工龄、职称、负责学员数对职业倦怠的影响及男女戒毒康复工作者的倦怠状况比较。Maslach职业倦怠调查表共分3个维度:有情绪衰竭(包括9个题目)、去个性化(包括5个题目)、成就感(包括8个题目)。回答:从“从来没有”到“每天都有”,分别记分1～7分。评估标准:轻度倦怠时,情感衰竭总分<16,去个性化总分<6,成就感总分>39;重度倦怠时,总分依次为>27,>13,<31分。并对不同性别、不同工龄、不同职称及负责工作量的不同做相关分析。结果:测120人,收回问卷111份,回答规范问卷105份,回收率为92.5%。①职业倦怠的总体状况:情感衰竭维度为29.53±10.81,去个性化维度为10.01±5.62,成就感维度得分为35.73±10.22。②工龄差异分析:工龄在各维度上差异都不显著,其中情感衰竭,去个性化,成就感3个维度在1～5年,6～10年,11～20年及20年以上得分分别为28.00±2.06,30.42±2.22,30.03±1.76,29.24±2.36;10.50±1.26,10.42±1.07,8.41±0.64,12.06±1.79;39.59±1.47,33.85±2.05,34.95±1.78,33.47±2.73(P>0.05)。③职称差异分析:职称在各维度上差异都不显著,其中情感衰竭,去个性化,成就感3个维度在科员、副主任及主任职称上分别为25.56±1.51,30.83±1.84,30.88±1.70;9.64±0.96,9.25±0.85,10.83±0.97;37.48±1.50,34.00±1.88,35.41±1.66(P>0.05)。④负责学员数差异分析:负责学员在50～100之间的工作人员在情感衰竭和去个性化的严重程度显著高于负责25人以下的工作人员(38.90±3.94,25.59±1.17;15.00±2.26,8.50±075,P<0.01)。⑤性别差异分析:男性情感衰竭和去个性化程度显著高于女性(30.55±10.65,23.80±6.46;10.32±5.764,8.00±3.16,P<0.05),而在成就感维度上,女性的倦怠程度高于男性(30.40±10.03,36.29±10.02,P<0.05)。结论:戒毒康复工作者的情感衰竭程度达到倦怠的严重水平,而去个性化和成就感处于中等倦怠的水平。工龄及职称在3个维度上差异不显著。负责学员多的工作人员情感衰竭和去个性化倦怠程度较重。男性情感衰竭和去个性化高于女性,而在成就感维度上则相反,女性的倦怠程度高于男性。
AIM： To study the job burnout of compulsory detoxification rehabilitation worker, and analyze the differences in seniority, professional title, work load and sex.METHODS： Totally 105 detoxification rehabilitation workers from Chongqing anti-drug reeducation group were investigated by job lassitude inventory which had passed reliability and validity detection. Comparison was clone in effects of seniority, professional title, and number of students differently and lassitude status. Maslach job lassitude inventory had three dimension, including emotion exhaustion （9 topies）, personality （5 topics）and sense of achievement （8 topics）. Answering“never” and “every day”gained 1-7 scores. Evaluation standard： Light lassitude, total score of emotion exhaustion was less than 16, personality less than 6 and sense of achievement over 39; Heavy lassitude： Total scores were over 27, over 13 and less than 31 in order. Correlation analysis was performed according to different sex, different seniority, different professional title and different work load.RESULTS： 120 people were examined, and 111 questionnaires were reclaimed, including 105 eligible ones. Retrieved rate was 92.5%. ①General situation： The score on emotion exhaustion was 29.53±10.81; the score of depersonalization was 10.01±5.62; the score on achievement was 35.73±10.22.② Seniority difference： It was insignificance of seniority on dimension. The scores of emotion exhaustion, personality and sense of achievement were respectively 28.00 ±2.06,30.42 ±2.22,30.03±1.76,29.24±2.36; 10.50±1.26,10.42 ±1.07,8.41：83.64,12.06 ±1.79;39.59 ±1.47,33.85±2.05,34.95±1.78,33.47±2.73 （P 〉0.05）during 1-5 year,6-10 years, 11-20 years and over 20 years. ③ Professional title difference： It was insignificance of professional title on dimension. The scores of emotion exhaustion, personality and sense of achievement were respectively 25.56 ±1.51,30.83 ±1.84,30.88 ±1.70;9.64 ±0.96,9.25±83.85,10.83±83.97;37.48 ±1.50,34.00 ±1.88,35.41 ±1.66 （P 〉 0.05）at section member, associate director and master. ④ Difference of student number：The scores of emotion exhaustion and personality in worker in charge of 50-100 were higher significantly than that of worker charging less than 25（38.90±3.94,25.59±1.17;15.00±2.26,8.50±0.75,P 〈 0.01）. ⑤ Sex difference： The scores of males were significantly higher on emotion exhaustion and personality than that of female （30.55±10.65,23.80±6.46;10.32±5.764,8.00±3.16,P 〈 0.05）, the scores of females on achievement were higher than that nf males （30.40±10.03,36.29±10.02,P 〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION： Emotion exhaustion of detoxification rehabilitation worker reaches high level, while personality and sense of achievement are in middle lassitude level. Difference is insignificant in seniority and professional title in the three dimensions. Scores of motion exhaustion and personality of worker in charge of more students are serious. Scores of motion exhaustion and personality of men are higher than those of women;while it is inverse on sense of achievement, scores of women are higher than those of men.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第20期92-93,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
