摘要
1984～1986年的研究结果表明,增加氮肥用量可提高大麦植株地上部各器官的氮浓度和叶片总氮中可溶性氮的比例,在收获期,高氮处理的植株营养体中氮素的残留比例较高.籽粒产量和籽粒粗蛋白质浓度均随氮肥用量的增加而提高,但高氮处理的千粒重显著降低,除蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸外,籽粒中其余各种氨基酸的浓度均随施氮量增加而提高,其中以谷氨酸、苯丙氨酸和脯氨酸尤为明显,而赖氨酸和蛋氨酸等营养必需氨基酸占籽粒总氨基酸的比例下降,作者还就籽粒充实过程中的氮浓度变化和芒在氮代谢中的作用等问题作了探讨。
Field experiments dealing with nitrogen metabolism and grain quality of winter barley (Hordeum distichum L. cv. Zhepi-1 and Zaoshu-3 ) at varying nitrogen fertilizer rates were conducted in Hangzhou 1984-1986. With the increase of nitrogen supplies, it was found that total N concentrations in various plant parts at different growth stages as well as the proportion of 5% TCA soluble N to total N inleaves at the jointing stage and the proportion of N remained in the vegetatiye parts at harvest tended to rise. Under the high nitrogen supplies,significantly increased grain protein yield resulted from highgrain yield and grain protein concentration were obtained while 1000 kernel weight significantly decreased.Except methionine and cysteine, the responses of the concentrations of grain amino acids particulary for glutamic acid, phenylalanine and proline to the nitrogen fertilization were similar to that of grain crude protein concetration. But the proportion of some essential amino acids including lysine and methionine tothe total grain amino acids decreased to a certain extent at the higher nitrogen levels. The changes of grain nitrogen concentration during the grain filling period as well as the role of awns in the nitrogen metabolism of barley plant are also discussed.
基金
全国大麦育种协作攻关项目
关键词
氮肥
大麦
蛋白质
氨基酸
nitrogen fertilizer
barley
protein
amino acid
