摘要
１９９１年和１９９２年二个夏天作者在山东滨州地区羊双腔吸虫病流行地点，通过自然调查及人工感染试验从当地陆生蜗牛四齿间齿螺（Ｍｅｔｏｄｏｎｔｉａｔｅｔｒｏｄｏｎ（Ｍｏｅｄｌｌｅｎｄｏｒｆｆ）及中华蚂蚁（ＦｏｒｍｉｃａｓｉｎｉｃａＴｅｒａｙａｍａ）区分出矛形双腔吸虫（Ｄｉｃｒｏｃｏｅｌｉｕｍｌａｎｃｅａｔｕｍ（Ｒｕｄ．，１８０３）ＳｔｉｌｅｓｅｔＨａｓｓａｌｌ，１８９６）和枝双腔吸虫（Ｄｉｃｒｏｃｏｅｌｉｕｍｄｅｎｄｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ（Ｒｕｄ．，１８１９）Ｌｏｏｓｓ，１８９９）的子胞蚴、尾蚴、囊蚴及后期尾蚴各幼虫期。分别进行羊的人工感染试验、获得矛形双腔吸虫均是纯一的成虫标本。本文着重介绍此二种双腔吸虫在尾蚴胚体、成熟尾蚴及后期尾蚴各幼虫期的主要区别特征。并对这些特征与成虫器官结构间的关系给予讨论。
Dicrocoelium lanceatum(Rud.,1803)and D.dendriticum(Rud.,1819)have been considered synonymous for more than a century.Although the life cycle of D.dendriticum was made known by the works of Neuhaus(1936), Travassos(1944),Krull and Mapes(1953)et.and both D.lanceatum and D.edndriticum are present in different parts of the world,their biological problems have not yet been settled.Authors demonstrated that the morphological differentiations occur in the adults of the two dicrocoeliid species obtained experimentally(Tang et al.,1993).As a continua of our comparative biological studies on D.lanceatum and D.dendriticum in China,efforts were made to determine whether differentiations also occur in theri larval stages.A field survey and experimental works were conducted during the year 1991-1992. Loculities of pure D.lanceatum and pure D.dendriticum weere found in Binzhou Region of Shandong Province.This paper reports upon the comparative observation on the morphological characters of developmental larval stages of D.lanceatum and D.denriticum not only in characters of adult but also in larval stage.In larval stages,the most significant differences are the structures of genital primodia,excretory bladder wall and their sizes in cercarial embryos,mature cercariae and metacercariae; the structures of slime balls;the body shape of metacercariae and the size and structures of their acetabula. Epidemiological studies carried out in Binzhou,the northeast of Shandong Province.The molluscan host for D.lanceatum and D.dendriticum is Metodontia tetrodon (Moellendorff) and the ant host for them is Formica sinica Terayama.In Dongjia(the endemic area of D. lanceatum,147 M.tetrodon were collected and examined with 21 positives(14. 08 %), 282 Formica sinica were caught and examined,20(7.09%) of them were found infected with the cyst metacercariae of D.lanceatum.In Gaomei(the endemic area of D.dendriticum). the incidence of infection of molluscan host(M.tetrodon) in 23.0%(58/346)and that of ant host(F.sinica)iS 1.8% (8/445).The positive molluscs containig the mature cercariae were found from May to August in our field survey,but slime balls expelled by positive Metodontia tetrodon were found mainly in June.Mature metacercariae were found from infected ants about 52 days after infection at 25℃.
出处
《寄生虫与医学昆虫学报》
CAS
1995年第2期70-77,共8页
Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica
关键词
牛羊双腔类吸虫
矛形双腔吸虫
枝双腔吸虫
幼虫
Dicrocoelium lanceatum,D.dendriticum,Larval stages,Molluscan host,Insect host
