摘要
采用周期浸泡和喷淋试验等２种加速腐蚀试验方法，分别研究ＰＨ为１．０、３．５、５．６和ＰＨ为１．０、为０、０．０６、０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ等６种模拟酸雨对混凝土的影响。研究表明：用矿渣水泥配制的混凝土较用普通硅酸盐水泥配制的混凝土耐酸雨能力强；酸雨中Ｈ＋和的协同侵蚀导致混凝土强度的降低，其下降的程度与材料中ＣａＯ的损失和ＳＯ３／ＣａＯ的比值成二元线性相关；Ｈ＋的渗透速度随时间的变化遵循幂函数的关系；混凝土受蚀后，［ＣａＮａ］［ＳｉＡｌ］４Ｏ８、［ＮａＫ］ＡｌＳｉ３Ｏ８等将逐渐消失，而生成体积较大的ＣａＡｌ２Ｓｉ２Ｏ８、ＣａＳＯ４·２Ｈ２Ｏ等物质，材料中的ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３组分流失，其中的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３仅受酸雨中的Ｈ＋的侵蚀而不受的影响，ＣａＯ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３既受Ｈ＋的侵蚀又受的侵蚀影响。
Two erosion-accelerating methods (periodical immersion and periodical spraying) were developed,and used to study the effects on concrete structures of simulated acid rains of different aciditiesand concentrations. The following conclusions were dlawn: as compared with the concretemade of Portland cement, the concrete made ofslag cement was more resistant to acid rainl thecoordinate erosion of H+ and SO:-- reduced thestrength of concrete, and the reduction was asecondary linear function of both CaO loses andthe ratio of SO, content to CaO content; the penetration rate of H+ was an exponential functionof time; the crystal structure and chemical composition changed in the process of erosion; substances such as [CaNaj[SiAlj.O, and [NaK]ALSt,O, were gradually replaced by more voluminoussubstances such as CaAl2Si2O8 and CaSO4·2H2O; the contents of CaO, MgO, Al2O3 andFe2O3 became lower, and the losing of Fe,O, wascaused by the erosion of H+ other than while CaO and Al,O, being eroded by both H+and .
出处
《环境科学》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第5期22-26,共5页
Environmental Science
基金
国家"七五"科技攻关课题
关键词
酸雨
混凝土
腐蚀
危害
acid rain, concrete, erosion, damage
