摘要
根据通用特征函数的集合表示，证明了通用特征函数是态函数．当热力学系统经历某一自发过程达到平衡态时，与过程对应的通用特征函数达到极小值．在通用特征函数独立变量中的所有强度量不变的过程中，系统给外界传递的能量不大于与该过程对应的通用特征函数的减少．从而进一步说明，通用特征函数与传统热力学特征函数理论完全一致．并在任意复杂系统中，克服了传统特征函数方法带来的困难，因而具有更高的概括性和公理化．
in order to expose the nature of the general thermodynamic characteristic function U(M) further, three propertis are proved, hased on the set expression of the U(M). i. e.,the U(M) is a state function; When a system achieves equilibrium in a spontaneous process, the U(M) gets to its minimum; Provided that all the intensive variables of the independent variables of the U(M) keep constant in a process, the energy converted or tansformed to the environment is not greater than the decrement of the U(M) relative to the process. These properties show that the general thermodynamic characteristic function U (M), is fully identical with the traditional characteristic function, but with any complicated system the U (M) overcomes the difficulties caused by the traditional characteristic function, and therefore, the U(M) possess higher generality and axiomatic.
出处
《陕西师大学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
1994年第1期25-27,共3页
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
热力学
态函数
特征函数
characteristic function
property, eSsence
