摘要
目的为了加强对微波辐射的检测与管理,提高人们对微波辐射的认识,保护手机使用者的健康。方法对成都地区出售的摩托罗拉、诺基亚、西门子、三星、TCL、科健、波导、厦新、松下9种品牌,52种机型移动电话,测定其在发射和对讲状态下距天线(或内置)、号码键盘、接话器、受话器1cm处的微波辐射强度,参照我国微波辐射卫生标准(GBZ1-2002)进行评价。同时对18~50岁的手机使用者和未使用的人群进行一般情况(包括性别、年龄、职业、饮食习惯、睡眠情况、烟酒嗜好等)和类神经症调查。结果各型号手机在发射和对讲状态下均有微波漏能,其在发射和对讲状态下微波辐射强度均未超过日平均功率密度(50μw/cm2)及日接触4h的容许辐射平均功率密度(100μw/cm2)。但手机使用者长期低强度接触微波可引起疲乏、情绪激动、恶心、视力下降、听力下降、入睡困难、多汗、胸闷等症状,且随着手机使用日平均时间的增加,恶心、听力减弱、入睡困难等症状的出现率显著提高;随着使用年限的延长,记忆力下降、情绪激动、食欲减退等症状的出现率显著提高。结论手机微波辐射对人体健康有一定影响。
Objective In order to improve the management and understanding of microwave radiation,and to protect health of the user of mobile phone. Methods The radiation intensity of 52 mobile phones of 9 brands were measured 1 cm from antenna,keyboard,receiver,and microphone in the status of transmit and talk,respectively. Evaluation was then performed according to the national health standard of microwave radiation(GBZ 1-2002).Mobile phone user and non-user were investigated of their general situation(sex,age,profession,diet,sleep,smoking and drinking,etc.)and quasi-neurosis.Results Microwave leak occurred in each type of mobile phone in the status of transmit and talk while not exceeding the health standard of average daily exposure(50 μw/cm^2)or daily exposure for four hours(100 μw/cm^2).Long term exposure to low intensity microwave might cause fatigue,rage,nausea,damage to vision and audition,difficult to sleep,hyperhidrosis,dyspnoea,etc..The incidence of nausea,damage to audition and difficult to sleep increased significantly with the increase of the daily using time of mobile phone;and the incidence of memory damage ,rage and anorexia increased significantly with the increase of the using years.Conclusions the electromagnetic radiation does affect human health.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2005年第2期85-89,共5页
Occupational Health and Damage
