摘要
目的比较肋间神经冷冻镇痛与患者自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)在开胸术后的止痛效果和安全性。方法选择40例开胸手术患者,均分为肋间神经冷冻镇痛组(L组)和PCEA组。L组于关胸之际分别将手术切口、切口上、下各一肋间及放置胸管部位的肋间神经于根部游离出来,置于冷冻探头上,在-40^-89 ℃下冷冻90s;PCEA组用0.20%罗派卡因+0.003%吗啡混合液,通过患者自控镇痛(PCA)泵,按负荷剂量+持续剂量+PCA模式给药。分别观察视觉摸拟评分和并发症的发生率。结果两组术后镇痛效果确切,差异无显著性,而在ST-T波改变、心律失常、高血压改善及恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒、呼吸抑制、嗜睡等不良反应发生等方面差异有显著性。结论开胸术后肋间神经冷冻法是一种行之有效的术后镇痛方式,与PCEA法比较各有优缺点,应根据患者的具体情况进行选择。
s: Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of cryoanalgesia and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) after thoracotomy. Methods Forty patients undergoing elective thoracotomy were randomly divided into cryoanalgesia group (L group, n=20) and PCEA group (n=20). Before chest closure, 4 costal nerve branches (at, above and below the incision, and one for inserting drainage tube) were isolated and frozen for 90 s at -40 to -89 ℃ in L group. The mixture of 0.2% ropivacaine and 3 mg morphine solved in 100 ml normal saline was administered in patients of PCEA group through epidural catheter with PCA pump. The visual analogue scale scores for the analgesic effect and the incidence rate of complications were investigated at different time points every other two days after surgery. Results There was no difference in the analgesic effects between the two groups, but the rates of ST-T changes, arrhythmia and hypertension as well as the incidence rate of the complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting, itch and respiratory depression etc differed significantly. Conclusion Given the respective advantages and disadvantages of cryoanlgesia and PCEA, both of which prove to be effective for pain management postthoracotomy, their choice must be decided according to clinical needs.
出处
《第一军医大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期469-470,473,共3页
Journal of First Military Medical University
关键词
开胸术
肋间神经镇痛
冷冻
患者自控镇痛
硬膜外
thoracotomy
cryoanalgesia
freezing
patient-controlled analgesia, pidural
