摘要
该文选择陕北黄土高原耐旱、适应性强的人工乡土树种柠条为对照 ,对狼牙刺的生理生态特征以及其对深层土壤水分的影响作了系统地研究 ,同时探讨其抗旱性 .得出以下主要结论 :①狼牙刺的净光合速率年均值与柠条相当 (5 12 μmol (m2 ·s) ) ,蒸腾速率 (2 2 8mmol (m2 ·s) )年均值比柠条 (3 2 6mmol (m2 ·s) )低 30 % ,其光合生产能力受土壤水分多少的影响显著 .②狼牙刺比柠条对干旱环境具有更强的适应能力 ,是一种值得推广的造林树种 .表现在 3个方面 :狼牙刺枝水势的日变化幅度 (2 19MPa)明显高于柠条 (1 7MPa) ,并且在 1年中 ,其枝水势总小于柠条枝水势 ;狼牙刺的月平均水分利用效率 (0 0 0 2 3g g)比柠条 (0 0 0 17g g)高出 2 6 1% ,而且在蒸散耗水量相当的情况下 ,其叶量和生物产量也远高于柠条 ;狼牙刺比柠条具有更强的利用深层土壤水分的能力 ,但在两个生长季中10m土层剖面土壤水分未发生明显变化 。
Systematic study on eco-physiological characteristics of Sophara viciifolia (growth, photosynthesis and transpiration and water potential) and their effects on soil water was carried out for the first time, taking Caragana korshinskii - one of the local shrub with a good drought tolerance and adaptability distributed widely in the Loess Plateau - as a control. The main results are as follows: 1)the average of net photosynthetic rate of S.viciifolia during June to September is equal to that of C. korshinskii(5.12 μmol/(m 2·s)), its transpiration rate(2.28 mmol/(m 2·s))is 30% lower than that of C. korshinskii, its photosynthetic production has a close relationship to the amount of soil water; 2)S. viciifolia has a better drought adaptability than the C. korshinskii and it is one of promising forestation trees for the following three reasons: the water potential in branches of S. viciifolia(2.19 MPa) is higher than that of C. korshinskii(1.7 MPa), and its water potential in branches is always lower than that of C. korshinskii in the whole year; the monthly average water use efficiency (WUE) of S. viciifolia(0.002 3 g/g) is 26.1% higher than that of C. korshinskii(0.001 7 g/g), and, its leaves and biomass above ground are higher than those of C. korshinskii at the same level of evapotranspiration. S. viciifolia has a strong ability of using the deep soil water, however, the soil water in the 10 m deep soil profile does not change obviously during the two growing seasons, which shows its growth balance with local rainfall.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期28-33,共6页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
"十五"国家科技攻关课题 ( 2 0 0 1BA 5 0 8B17)
中国科学院知识创新项目 (KZCX1 0 6)
"973"国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2 0 0 0 0 1860 6)
关键词
狼牙刺
柠条
生理生态
土壤水分
Sophara viciifolia, Caragana korshinskii, eco-physiological, soil water
