摘要
通过对建国以来宁夏平原春小麦4次更新品种的主要农艺性状的演变规律研究表明,宁夏平原春小麦籽粒和生物产量有了明显提高,随着品种的更替,收获指数、每穗粒重、每穗粒数均呈上升趋势,株高则明显下降.相关和通径分析表明,生物产量、收获指数与籽粒产量呈极显著正相关且对籽粒产量的直接影响最大,产量构成因素对籽粒产量的直接作用大小依次为穗粒数>千粒重>穗数.因此,宁夏平原高产品种的培育主要应考虑提高生物产量,适当增大收获指数,在稳定现有群体(穗数)的前提下,增加穗粒数和千粒重.
The paper analyzed the evolutional succession of main agronomic characters of spring wheat varieties in Ningxia plain during last 50 years, and the result shows that wheat grain and biomass yield has been improved significantly. Along with evolutional succession of varieties of spring wheat, the harvest index, the grain weight and the number of per spike have been increased, but the plant high has been decreased significantly. The results of correlation and path analysis show that the biomass yield and the harvest index which influence the grain yield directly and dramatically correlate positively with the grain yield. The direct effect of factors which makes up the yield of wheat shows the grain number per spike on grain yield greater than that of the one-thousand-grain weight whose effect is greater than that of the number of spike. Therefore, in order to cultivate high-yield spring wheat varieties, the improvement of biomass yield should be taken into account and then the harvest index should be enlarged appropriately. At the same time, the seed number per spike and the weight of one-thousand-grain must be increased on the basis of the stability of spring wheat community.
出处
《农业科学研究》
2005年第1期6-9,17,共5页
Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏大学科研基金项目(32609
NS0419)
