摘要
栽培稻（Ｏ．ｓａｔｉｖａ）品种间杂种的不育性是由Ｆ_１花粉不育基因座的等位基因互作引起的。前文报道了Ｓ－Ｅ３、Ｓ－Ｅ２和Ｓ－Ｅ５３个花粉不育基因座，本文把这３个基因座分别重新命名为Ｓ－ａ、Ｓ－ｂ和Ｓ－ｃ。本研究发现了另外３个花粉不育基因座，分别命名为Ｓ－ｄ、Ｓ－ｅ和Ｓ－ｆ。分析了１１个品种在这６个花粉不育基因座的基因型。所有被测品种在Ｓ－ａ上均带Ｓ￣ｉ／Ｓ￣ｉ。在其余５个花粉不育基因座上，籼型品种广陆矮４号（Ｄ２）均带Ｓ￣ｉ／Ｓ￣ｉ，而粳型品种台中６５（Ｅ１）和大白芒（Ｋ６）均带Ｓ￣ｉ／Ｓ￣ｉ。１１个品种在这６个基因座上出现了８种不同的基因型。具有不同花粉不育基因型的品种相互杂交，Ｆ_１杂种具有不同的花粉不育基因杂合座位数，因而表现出不同程度的不育性。从总体上看，Ｆ_１杂种中花粉不育基因杂合对数越多，花粉不育性和小穗不育性就越高。可以设想，通过培育具有籼型花粉不育基因型的粳型品系──“粳型亲籼系”，可以克服籼－粳杂种的不育性。
The sterility in the intervarietal hybrids of cultivated rice (O. sativa) is caused by the allelic interaction at the F_1 pollen sterility loci. The three F_1 pollen sterility loci S-E3,S-E2 and S-E5 reported in previous paper are re-designated as S-a,S-b and S-c respectively. Three new F_1 pollen sterility loci were found and are designated as S-dm,S-e and S-f. The genotypes at the six loci in 11 varieties were determ ined. At the S-a locus, all varieties tested have S￣i / S￣i. At the five other loci, Hsien (indica) variety Guangluai 4 (D2) has S￣i / S￣i, while Keng (japonica) varieties Taichung 65 (E1) and Dabaimang (K6) have S￣i / S￣i. There are 8 genotypes at the 6 loci in the 11 varieties.The F_1 hybrids between the varieties with different genotypes for F_1 pollen sterility were different in the numbers of heterozygous loci and showed the sterility in different degrees. In general, the more the F_1 hybrids had the heterozygote S￣i / S￣i at the six loci,the higher they showed the pollen sterility and the spikelet sterility. It is suggested that the sterility in the Heien-Keng hybrids could be overcome by breeding and using the“Hsien-compatibility Keng lines”,which are the Keng lines with the genotypes for F_1 pollen sterility from Hsien varieties.
基金
国家自然科学基金
高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金
关键词
杂种
不育性
栽培稻
水稻
遗传
Hybrid sterility
Genic analysis
Hsien-compatibility Keng line
Oryza sativa
