摘要
本文根据流体运动的最小阻力原理，阐述了地下径流在洞穴形成中的作用，并分别就紊流液态下的有压管流和具有自由水面的重力流做了证明。在岩溶通过的汇合，分叉与交叉处所形成的夹角不是随机的，它对应于水流通过该处时水头损失的最小值。一般这个夹角有向直角演变的趋势。其结果都是以扩大岩溶通道的空间体积来实现的，在这里往往会形成一个大的地下厅，最小阻力原理控制下的地下径流的侵蚀扩容作用，是岩溶分异发育的最基本的水动力学条件。图４，参８。
According to the principle of the least resistance of fluid movement,the articledescribes that the underground runoff plays a parting the formation of karst caves and hasgiven proofs respectively to the pipe-follow with pressure and the gravity-flow with freelevel in condition of turbulence flow.At the confluence,branch and cross locality of karst pipes,the water flow forming an intersecting angle,it is not random,which corresponds to the leastvalue of head loss Usually,the intersecting angle have a developing tendency to right angles. Its result is always the realization by enlarging space volume of karst passage way.Herea great underground hall is often formed.It is condition of best basic of hydrodynamics fordifferential devdlopment of karst that the effect of enlarging volume by eroding ofunderground runoff under control of the principle of the least resistance.4figs ,8refs.
出处
《湘潭矿业学院学报》
1994年第3期17-25,共9页
Journal of Xiangtan Mining Institute
关键词
洞穴
地下径流
水动力学
karst cave
the principle of the least resistance
the underground runoff
the effectof enlarging volume by erosion
differential development of karst
