摘要
海底铁锰矿床主要有铁锰结壳、铁锰结核和层状、透镜状铁锰矿床，其成矿作用主要是水成成矿作用，成岩成矿作用和热液成矿作用。水成成因的结壳富Ｃｏ、贫Ｃｕ，ＲＥＥ含量高，Ｃｅ正异常明显，且富含δ－ＭｎＯ２。成岩成因的结核富Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ，ＲＥＥ含量低，Ｃｅ正异常减弱，含钡镁锰矿．热液成因的铁锰矿床Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ分异好，微量过渡金属和ＲＥＥ含量最低，见Ｃｅ的负异常和Ｅｕ的正异常．
Ferromanganese crusts, ferromanganese nodules and stratabound layers and lenses ferromanganese deposits are the main types of the ocean floor ferromanganese deposits. Hydrogenesis, diagenesis and hydrothermal activity are their main minerlization. Hydrogenetic crusts dominately composed of δ-MnO2, are rich in Co, RREEs and with obviously positive Ce anomalies, pore in Cu. Diagenetic nodules are mainly composed of δ-MnO2 and contain toderokite, rich in Ni and Cu, pore in REEs and with weak positive or negative Ce anomalies. There is obvious seperation of Mn from Fe in hydrothermally genetic ferromanganese deposit which are pore in transition metal and REEs and with negative Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies.
关键词
铁矿床
锰矿床
成矿作用
类型
ocesn floof
ferromonganese
ferromanganese nodules
hydrothermal
