摘要
威胁舟山群岛大中型兽的主要因素是人为活动对自然栖息地造成的面积损失，破碎，质量下降和捕杀。自然栖息地面积已损失了５６．３％，自然栖息地破碎成许多碎片，破碎程度在加深，而自然栖息地质量在１９１２～１９５０年间严重下降。大中型兽受威胁历史可分为三个阶段，１９１２年前，大中型兽受威胁较轻；１９１２～１９５０年间，大中型兽受到严重威胁，主要威胁因素是自然栖息地面积损失，破碎和森林覆盖率下降；１９５０年至现在，大中型兽受威胁同样很重，主要威胁因素是自然栖息地面积损失，破碎和捕杀。自然栖息地面积损失，破碎和质量下降对大中型兽绝灭有重要影响。自然栖息地面积损失、破碎和人为捕杀是大中型兽濒危、分布区缩小和数量下降的主要原因。社会，政治，经济等因素决定了自然栖息地面积损失，破碎和质量变化的速率以及捕杀的水平。
The main factors to threaten large and middle mammals on Zhoushan Islands are area loss, fragmentation, quality descending of the natural habitats which are resulted from human activities and hunting. The area lOSS Of the natural habitats has lost 56. 3%. The natural habitats have been fragmented into many fragments, and the fragmented degree has being deeped, and the quality of the natural habitats was declined in 1912～1950. The threatened history of the large and middle mammals can be divided into three Periods. Before 1912 the large and middle mammals were threatened lighter; the middle and large mammals were threatened heavily in 1912～1950, and the main threatening factors were area loss, fragmentation and quality descending of the natural habitats. The large and middle mammals also have been threatened heavily in 1950-present, and the main threatening factors are the area loss and fragmentation of the natural habitats and hunting. The area loss, fragmentation and quality descending of the natural habitats have haportant influences on the large and middle mammals extinction. The area loss and fragmentation of the natural habitats and hunting are mainly resPOnsible for endanging, distribution reducing and Population declining of the large and middle mammals. The social, political, economical factors and so on determine the rate of natural habitat area loss, fragmentation and quality changes and hunting level.
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
1994年第4期187-192,共6页
Biodiversity Science
关键词
大中型兽
自然栖息地
哺乳动物纲
人为活动
large and middle mammals, natural habitats, area loss, fragmentation, quality hunting
