摘要
广东省坡耕地面积６６．７９万ｈｍ２，占耕地总面积的２３．４８％．是广东省旱粮、油、糖、烟、热带亚热带果树以及热作等的生产基地，在农业生产上具有举足轻重的地位．但由于大部分坡耕地是顺坡开垦，重用轻养，耕作粗放，少施肥等，以致存在土壤有机质偏低，氮、磷、钾养分贫乏，土壤酸度大，耕层浅薄，砂化严重，干旱，农作物产量低等问题。然而，坡耕地土层深厚，环境条件优越，水热充足，生产潜力大。针对坡耕地的这些状况，提出：搞好农地整治，变“三跑地”为“三保地”；用养结合，以地养地；因地制宜，合理利用；增施化学肥料，调节土壤养分等对策。
The area of slope croplands in Guangdong is 6. 679× 105hm2,makes up 23. 48% of the total cultivated area. The slope croplands are the productive bases of dry cereals, edible oil, sugar, tobacco, tropical and subtropical fruits and some other crops,etc., occupy an important position in agriculture. However, because of straight reclamation, more utilizatioll and less fostering, and extensive cultivation and less fertilization, there are some problems exist in the slope croplands, such as low content of soilorganic matter, lack of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, high soil acidity,shallow arable layers, serious sandification, dryness, low crop yield, etc. But soil horizons are deep, environmental conditions are advantageous, hydrothermal resources are abundant, potential productivity are high. According to the state of the slope croplands, this paper puts forward some countermeasures, including to do croplands management well; to change the 'three-loss land' into 'three-conservation land'; to cooperate utilization with fostering, and use land to foster land i to use land rationally and in line with local conditions; and to increase application of chemical fertilizers in order to adjust soil nutrients.
关键词
坡耕地
土壤改良
广东
slope cropland, soil nutrient, countermeasure
