摘要
灌阳长枣（牛奶枣）是广西的名优特产，灌阳县特产局１９９２～１９９３两年对５３４．７３ｈｍ２低产枣园进行技术改造。（１）改过去以耕代抚，不施或少施基肥和施化学氮肥为主，为以有机肥作基肥为主；（２）根据枣树的生物学特性，施足基肥，适时追肥，使有机肥与无机肥、长效与速效氮、磷、钾肥合理配合施用；（３）喷施微肥、生长激素保花保果；（４）对幼年结果树和旺壮树采取环剥和修剪，促其结果；（５）抓住关键时期防治桃小食心虫等病虫害。５项技术的实施，使长枣大幅度增产，１９９３年总产达３１４．７万ｋｇ，平均５８８６ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２，比改造前（１９９１年）平均４０３５ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２，增产１８５１ｋｇ·ｈｍ－２，增长４５．８７％。改造后两年累计新增纯收入３５２．６１万元，取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。
Guanyang jujube, milky jujube,is a famous special products in Guangxi.During 1992-1993,transformations on 534. 73 hm2 low-yielding jujube orchard were carried out.Instead of only farming without fostering ) not giving or giving a little base fertilizer and giving chemical nitrogenous fertilizer, organic fertilizer was mainly used as base manure.According to the biologic characteristic, a series of technology for transforming low-yielding jujube orchard was conducted. It included putting enough base fertilizer; topdessing in time; using organic and inorganic fertilizers; using slow-acting and quick-acting N, P, K in proper way;spraying microfertilizer and growth hormone to preserve flowers and fruits; peeling cyclically off and pruning off the branches of the young and flourishing tress to made them bear fruits; preventing and controlling plant diseases and pests in key time. It indicated that the informations were good ways to increase productivity and economic incomes by a large margin.In 1993, the total yields were 3.147 million kg;the yields per hm2 were 5 886 kg,increasing by 45. 87% than that in 1991 without transfromation, which were 4 035 kg per hm2. After transformation,the pure incomes were 3. 5261 million yuan in two years.
关键词
枣
低产园
改造
种植
Zizyphus jujuba
low-yielding orchard
transformation
technical measures
