摘要
一般工程图是将三维形体投影在两维平面上来表达的,这种投影致使垂直投影面方向的矢量投影为零,即图形失去了一维尺度。此时,实物为像源,两维图为映射像,映射是单值的,这种变换是一对一的。但是,一个像却不能对应唯一的像源,因而不存在一对一的逆变换。从两维图提取的三维数据在工程技术、军事和信息情报中,是一种极其重要的手段,目前仍处于摸索阶段。作者根据三维形体向两维平面投影的条件和特征,提出了体视配对法和数据提取法,并用公式和例证充分阐明了两种方法的可行性和准确性,对从两维图中提取三维数据具有重要的理论和实践意义。
Generally engineering drawings are expressed by projecting three dimetntional objects on two dimentional planes. This projection results in the zero vector projection in the direction of verticle projection plane, i.e. the drawing has lost one dimention. In this situation the object is the source of image and the two dimentional drawing is the reflection image. The inflection is singlevalued. This transformation exhibits a one-to-one correspondence. But an image does not correspond to only one source of image, therefore there does not exist any one- to- one inverse transformation. The obtaining of three dimentional data from two dimational drawings in a vitally important technique in engineering, military science and information science. It is still being explored. This author proposes the object projection matching method and the data-obtaining method in the light of the conditions and features in which three dimentaional objects are porjected on two dimentional planes. And this author also sufficiently davifies with formulas and exemplifications the pracicality and accuracy of these two methods. The present vesearch is very important to the theories and practice of obtaining three dimentional data from two dimentional drawings.
出处
《北京建筑工程学院学报》
1994年第2期100-116,共17页
Journal of Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture
关键词
两维图
三维数据
透视图
灭点
站点
perspectine drawing
station point
vinishing point
