摘要
分子遗传学新进展导致许多人类严重遗传腐致病基因的定位和分离,从而为帮助患者家庭提供了新的可能性,但同时也提出了严肃的伦理学难题,包括允诺和保密的问题,是否应检查儿童迟发性遗传病的问题,正确使用研究标本的问题,以及疾病严重到什么程度才应进行产前诊断的问题。当遗传检查从家庭水平过渡到群体筛选时,其中许多问题将变得更加尖锐。一切与医学遗传有关的人员,不论是临床医师还是实验室科学工作者,都需要充分注意这些问题并调整自已对遗传学检查的应用,以避免出现伦理问题。这样做,医学遗传学家就能为将来会愈来愈多的使用遗传学检查,但现阶段看来尚未了解有关严重问题的其它领域的人员作出榜样。
Recent advances in molecular genetics, leading to the mapping and isolation of the genes for numerous serious human inherited diseases, have created new possibilities for helping families, but also raise serious ethical dilemmas. These include issues of consent and confidentiality, whether to test children for late onset genetic disorders, the proper use of research samples, and the range of severity for which prenatal diagnosis is appropriate. Many of these problems will be intensified if genetic testing moves from a family based level to population screening. All those involved in medical genetics, whether clinicians or laboratory scientists, need to be fully aware of these issues and to regulate their own use of genetic tests to avoid ethical problems. By doing this, medical geneticists should be able to set an example to those in other fields who in future will increasingly be utilising genetic tests, but who at present are likely to be unaware of the serious issues involved.
出处
《中华医学遗传学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第4期193-197,共5页
Chinese Journal of Medical Genetics
关键词
分子遗传学
遗传病
伦理
Ethics in genetics Genetic test Eugenics
