摘要
对红托竹荪(Dictyophora rubrovalvata M.Zang)的生物学特性进行了研究,描述了子实体、双核菌丝和担孢子的形态及芽殖;证明了其能利用葡萄糖、蔗糖和可溶性淀粉等作碳源,能利用无机氮和有机氮作氮源。菌丝生长的最适碳氮比为30:1,最适温度为23～25℃,适宜的酸碱度为pH5.0～6.0,最适为pH5.5;菌丝生长的最适宜空气相对湿度为81％,最适宜的料水比为1:2.2,光照对菌丝生长具有抑制作用,且蓝光对生长抑制作用最大,橙光最小。菌丝在CO_2浓度为0.03～0.33％的范围内均能生长,以浓度0.13％时生长最好。菌丝体生长时分泌的纤维素酶的活力极弱,几乎不能崩解滤纸。喷施0.1％和0.5％的葡萄糖以及0.15％的亚油酸可促进子实体原基的形成。
The biological characteristics of Dictyophora rubrovalvala with reference to its nutritional requirements, environmental factors, promordia formation , etc. were studied. The fungal fruitbody, dikaryon, basidiospore and the budding way of the basidiospore were described. It was demonstrated that the fungus could utilize glucose, sucrose, soluble starch, ect. as its carbon sources,and utilize inorganic and organic nitrogen as its nitrogen sources,with 30/1 being the optimal ratio of carbon/nitrogen for its mycelial growth. The optimal environmental conditions under which the fungus produced mycelium were as follows temperature 23-25℃ , pH 5. 5.ralative humidity 81% .substrate/water ratio 1/2. 2,carbon dioxide concen-tration of 0. 13% and complete darkness. Light was proved to reduce its vegetative growth,the inhibitary effect being mainly due to the blue region (460-500 nm)rather than the oragen region (570-630 nm)of the visible spectrum. The activity of the cellulase that the fungus secreted was very weak,hardly capable for de-grad the filter paper. Glucose with 0. 1% and 0. 5%,and linoleic acid with 0. 15% were found to stimulate primordia formation. But 10 -4 mol/L cAMP was proved to inhibit promodia initiation.
关键词
红托竹荪
生物学特性
营养
竹荪
Dictyophora rubrovalvata M.Zang
biology
nutrition
environmental factors
