摘要
植被对全球变暖的响应方式及其程度问题是全球变化研究的焦点之一。利用 1 95 1～ 2 0 0 0年的气温、降水等气候资料、1 982～ 2 0 0 0年的NOAA/AVHRR遥感数据和 1 95 1～ 2 0 0 2年山桃始花的物候数据 ,分析了北京各气候参量与生态系统植被在年际和年内时间尺度上的变化规律及其关系。结果表明 ,北京近 2 0年增温 1 2℃ ,增温态势显著 ;过去 5 0年中 ,降水的年际变化小于生长季内的波动幅度。年NDVI最大值 (VP)、平均值 (VM)的年际变化曲线呈波动中缓慢上升的趋势 ,表明植被的生长状况总体上在变好或生长季在延长。VP出现日期 (VPD)提前 ,2 0世纪 90年代比 80年代提前 4 5d。山桃始花物候期的分析表明 ,北京 1 988年以后春季开始日期提前 9 6 3d。时间尺度不同 ,各个气候指标对各植被指标的影响程度不同 :①年际时间尺度 ,年均温影响VP、VM的时效为 1年 ;月际水平上 ,除温度影响VM的时效为 2个月外 ,各气候参量影响VP、VM的时效为 1个月。年际尺度上 ,温度影响山桃始花时效为 2年 ;月际尺度上 ,2、3、4月份温度影响山桃始花日期。
Global changes focus on the impacts and feedbacks of global warming on terrestrial ecosystem.Based on climate data (temperature,precipitation etc.) of 1951～2000,NOAA/AVHRR NDVI data of 1982～2000 and foliage phenology data of 1951～2002,impacts of short term seasonal and inter-annual climate changes on zonal ecosystem in Beijing were discussed.The results showed that climate changes presented increasing temperature and fluctuant precipitation in the past 50 years in the study area.Annual NDVI peak value and NDVI mean value could reflect preferably climate changes,and the trends of them appeared increased in some degree among oscillations in the past 20 years,which meant a better condition for vegetation growth or longer growing days in the study area.The VP date was earlier 4.5d in 1990s than that in 1980s.The advance of Prunus davidiana flowering phenophase showed that the spring came 9.63d ahead since 1988 in study region.Statistical analyses indicated that land surface temperature in Beijing has more significant relations with NDVI and the flowering phenophase than with precipitation as a whole.Different time scales led to different relations between climate indexes and growing conditions of plants.At the scale of a year,there were closer relations between AT,AP and NDVI; while at the scale of a month,there were closer relations between ET,EP and NDVI.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第2期123-130,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目 (4 0 3 710 19)
中国科学院研究生资助专项
中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目 (KZCX3 -SW -3 2 1和KZCX1-SW -0 1-0 9)。
关键词
NDVI
全球变暖
山桃始花日期
累积距平
时滞
互相关分析
NDVI,global warming,Prunus davidiana flowering phenophase,cumulate anomaly,time lags,cross-correlation analysis.
