摘要
二年不同氮肥用量的田间试验结果表明,在免耕栽培水稻产量构成中,有效穗数变幅较大,施氮区比无肥区高15.38%～48.52%;单株干物重、株高均随氮肥用量的增加而增大。分蘖～孕穗期植株氮素养分干基含量占累计吸氮总量的比例,无肥区为63.91%;不同施氮肥区为65.75%～80.14%。籽粒含氮量占植株的吸氮总量,无肥区为67.42%,不同施氮肥区为60.51%～66.37%,且随氮肥用量的递增而降低。稻株吸自化肥氮量占植株总氮量的比例,不同施氮肥区为10.81%～32.49%。无肥区平均产量可达施氮肥区平均产量的74.62%～84.35%。得出氮肥用量(kg/ha)的一元二次回归方程为 Y=5 346.75+18.588 24x—0.047 5x^2,应用此式计算肥料效应函数,得出碳铵用量984.00kg/ha 为水稻最佳经济施肥量。等氮量不同施肥技术的化肥生产力,经新复极差测验表明,三次追肥法、一基二追法、四次追肥法之间产量差异不显著,但与一次基肥法的差异达到极显著水平。
The results of two-year experiments of no-tillage rice cultivation with differ- ent dosages of nitrogen fertilizers showed that the numbers of effective panicles in N applica- tion plots were 15.38%～48.52% more high than those in CK plots and the dry weight of single plant as well as plant height increased with ascending application rate of nitrogen fer- tilizer.The ratio of N nutrient content in plant to total accumulated N absorption amount (on dry weight basis)from tillering stage to booting stage was 63.9% in CK plots and 65.75%～80.14% in N fertilizer application plots.The ratio of N content in grains to total N absorption amount was 67.42% in CK plots and 60.51%～66.37% in N fertilizer applica- tion plots and decreased with ascending application rate of nitrogen fertilizer.The ratio of amount of N absorbed by rice plant from chemical fertilizer to total N absorption amount was 10. 81%～32.49% in different N fertilizer application plots.The average yield in CK plots was 74.62%～84.35% of that in N fertilizer application plots.The regression equation of N fertilizer dosage was obtained as follows.Y=5346.75+18.588 24X-0.04752X^2.The func- tion of fertilizer efficiency was calculated using this equation and the optimum economic dosage of ammonium carbonate in rice fields was fixed at 984 kg/ha.According to the Dun- cun's new multiple range test,the productivity of chemical fertilizer used at an equal N dosage but with different application techniques differed significantly between treatment 1(3 top applications),treatment 2(one application of basic fertilizer,two top applications)or treatment 3(4 top applications)and treatment 4(1 application of basic fertilizer),and non- significantly among the treatment 1,2 and3.
出处
《上海农业学报》
CSCD
1993年第2期48-52,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Shanghai
关键词
水稻
免耕
栽培
氮肥
施肥
Dry weight of plant
Effective panicle
Productivity of chemical fertilizer
Marginal profit
Nitrogen utilization rate
