摘要
目的制定室内空气中对二氯苯卫生标准。方法将KM小鼠随机分为雌、雄2组,进行急性经口半数致死量(LD50)试验和蓄积毒性试验。采用Wistar大鼠进行急性经呼吸道半数致死浓度(LC50)试验(急性吸入染毒2h),并进行了亚急性吸入毒性试验和遗传毒性试验(14、28d)。采用新西兰大白兔进行皮肤、眼刺激试验。在卧室衣柜内悬挂对二氯苯防虫饼104g,在卫生间放置对二氯苯除臭剂100、120g,在书房的2只书橱内各放置52g对二氯苯防霉剂,测定正常使用情况下空气中浓度,每日1次,共测定6d。结果雌性小鼠对二氯苯原药急性经口LD50为5129mg/kg,雄性小鼠LD50为5012mg/kg,雌、雄动物混合计算时,二者均为低毒级,弱蓄积性。对二氯苯原药和制剂大鼠急性经呼吸道LC50分别大于12.8、11.99g/m3,均属于低毒级,亚急性吸入染毒(0～528mg/m3)14d和28d未见肝、肾、脾脏异常的病理改变,未见体重改变。新西兰大白兔皮肤、眼一次性刺激为阴性,皮肤长时间反复作用具有刺激性。正常使用情况下,卧室空气中对二氯苯浓度为0.14～0.3mg/m3,卫生间、书房空气中对二氯苯浓度≤0.3mg/m3。结论参照国外对二氯苯的容许限值及有关标准、法规、建议及室内外环境数据等相关资料进行综合分析研究,提出室内空气中对二氯苯日平均最高容许浓度为1.0mg/m3。
Objective To make the health standard of p-dichlorobenzene in indoor air. Methods The KM mice were randomly divided into female and male groups, the experiment of the LD50 of p-dichlorobenzene by acute oral intake and the cumulative toxicity test had been conducted. Wistar rats were used to determine the LC50 of p-dichlorobenzene by acute aspiration intake (2 h), subacute toxicity test and genotoxicity test had been done through inspiration (exposed for 14 d and 28 d). New Zealand white rabbits were used to test stimulating toxicity of p-dichlorobenzene for eyes and skin. 104 g samples of p-dichlorobenzene were suspended in the wardrobe in bedroom, 100 g and 200 g in bathroom respectively, and 52 g in each of two bookcases in the study room. The concentrations of p-dichlorobenzene in the indoor air were monitored for 6 consecutive days (once a day). Results The LD50 of p-dichlorobenzene in female mice was 5 129 mg/kg, and 5 012 mg/kg in male mice. The LC50 of p-dichlorobenzene in rats exceeded 12.8 g/m3 and 11.99 g/m3. 14 d and 28 d subacute inspiration of p-dichlorobenzene (0-528 mg/m3) showed that there were no obvious pathologic changes had been seen in liver, kidney and spleen, and no changes in body weights either. One time stimulation test on the eyes and skin of New Zealand white rabbits was negative, but repeat stimulation presented a positive result. In the condition of general using, the concentration of p-dichlorobenzene was 0.41-0.30 mg/m3 in bedroom, was below 0.3 mg/ m3 in the bathroom and study room. Conclusion Refered to the foreign data related allowable limited values, associational statutes, suggestion concentration and environmental monitoring reports, we suggest that the maximum allowable average (per day) concentration of p-dichlorobenzene in indoor air should be 1.0 mg/ m3.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第1期9-12,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
卫生部标准委员会标准研究基金资助
标准号为GB18468-2001
关键词
对二氯苯
空气污染
室内
卫生标准
p-dichlorobenzene
Air pollution, indoor
Health standard
