摘要
异丁烷与丁烯的烷基化反应是制取高辛烷值汽油的一个重要途径。六十年代以来,许多国家开展了以固体酸取代液体H2SO4及HF作为该过程的催化剂的研究,目的在于解决液体酸作为催化剂时设备腐蚀严重、产物分离困难、酸耗大以及环境污染等问题。研究较多的固体酸有分子筛及各种改性分子筛,这类催化剂虽然初活性好。
A solid acid catalyst used for the alkylation of isubutane with butenes has been prepared by impregnation of SiO2 gel with a solution of 30% H3PO4, 5 % H2SO4 and a little BF3. Under the conditions of temperature 50℃ and atmospheric pressure, the conversion of butencs can reach 77.5mol%, the selectivity for C8 in product is 75%. When reaction temperature below 60℃, the stability of the catalyst is belter. The acid strength of the catalyst is in the range of - 8.2<H0 ≤- 5.6 and only Bronsted acid is found on the catalyst surface.Butenc-1 can be adsorbed by the catalyst and isomcrized into butcnc-2, while isobutane cannot be adsorbed.
