摘要
本研究根据跳远项目的专项特点,设计研制一种能够模拟不同助跑速度,反映跳远运动员起跳过程中,起跳腿专项力量训练和专项能力测试的设备。通过对优秀跳远运动员在不同控制速度下(6 m/s、7 m/s、8 m/s、9 m/s;9人,72人次)和全程助跑跳远(9人)起跳测试结果的生物力学分析,得到以下主要结论:起跳过程中,随控制速度的增加,表现出起跳腿各关节肌群的工作能力增大,起跳腿髋、膝、踝关节肌群表现出较长的伸肌力矩时相和较大的伸肌力矩值;起跳腿各关节肌群快速离心收缩、向心收缩及离心与向心收缩的转换能力对起跳起着十分重要的作用。本研究的研制设备,能够针对不同水平(不同助跑速度)跳远运动员进行起跳腿专项能力测试与评定,并可成为跳远运动员专项力量训练的有效手段。
A training platform for training and testing long jumper' s maximal muscle ability during take-off was developed. Nine male long jumpers were required to perform long jump take-off with different controlled speed at 6m/s, 7 m/s, 8 m/s, 9 m/s (72 times) and with full running take-off (9 times). Results of a kinematical analysis show that with increasing of the controlled speed, the maximal muscle ability of the take-off leg presented enhanced; all the three joints of the take-off leg were chiefly worked by extensors in nature; the ability of fast eccentric, concentric contraction and the switch velocity from eccentric to concentric were of great importance to the take-off. This equipment can be used by long jumpers at different level.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2003年第1期127-132,共6页
China Sport Science
