摘要
对陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)4个亲本品种的完全双列杂交资料,按加性和显性的遗传模型分析了棉株不同果枝节位的开花成铃表现。不同果枝节位开花率和成铃率的方差分析结果表明,固定效应和随机效应都达到了极显著水准。棉花单株开花数和成铃数主要决定于植株内围果枝节位的开花数(60.77%)和成铃数(73.44%)。棉花植株上部的开花数(41.83%)和成铃数(38.11%)高于下部(花28.54%,铃34.29%)和中部(花25.69%,铃24.58%),从而得出了由果枝节位预测不同果枝节位开花率和成铃率的回归公式。遗传方差分量的估算结果表明,棉株下部内围果节的开花成铃主要受基因显性效应的影响,中部内围果节的则同时受到基因加性和显性效应的影响,而上部内围果节的主要受基因加性效应的影响,外围果枝节位只有很低的广义遗传率(花29.27%,铃15.03%)。各果枝节位举株开花率和单株成铃率与皮棉产量的显性相关均未达到显著水准,加性相关和表现型相关基本上表现相同的趋势,但加性相关系数的绝对值一般大于表现型相关系数。开花率和成铃率与皮棉产量的相关在中、下部内围果枝节位一般为负值,上部内围果枝节位则多为正值,外围果枝节位的相关性较弱。各果枝节位开花数的狭义遗传率与皮棉产量的加性相关系数都高于相应部位成铃数。
An additive-dominance genetic model was used for analyzing flowering and fruiting at different position of branches in Gossypium hirsutum L.The experimental data were from four-parent diallel crosses.ANOVA results showed that fixed effects and random effects were highly significant for flower percentage of single plant and boll percentage of single plant. From near stem positions(1～2),flowers(60.77%)and bolls(73.44%)contributed more than those from faraway stem positions(3～5).Of total flowers 41.83%,28.54% and 25.69% were on up sites(11～15 node),low sites(1～5 node)and middle sites(6～10 node)of plant,respectively.For bolls 38.11%,34.29% and 24.58% were on up,low and middle sites of plant,respectively.Regression equations were given for predicting flower per- centage and boll percentage by fruiting site and position.Flowering and fruiting of near stem positions were mainly controlled by dominance effects on low sites,by both additive and domi- nance effects on middle sites,and by additive effects on up sites,respectively.The broad sense heritability was very low for flowering(29.27%)and fruiting(15.03%)on faraway stem po- sitions.There were no significant dominance correlations between yield and flower percentage, boll percentage.Additive correlations,but with a little larger absolute values,were similar as phenotypic correlations.Correlation coefficients were mostly negative for inner positions on low and middle sites,but positive for inner positions on up sites.Correlations were weak for outer positions.Flowering had larger values for the narrow sense heritability and for additive correlation with yield than fruiting on each position and site.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第1期25-32,共8页
Cotton Science
基金
国家教委资助项目
关键词
棉花果枝节位
开花
成铃
遗传分析
cotton
fruiting site and position
flower and fruiting percentage
genetic variances and correlations
