摘要
同样由熔体凝固、溶液沉淀或者气相沉积出来,为什么有的材料呈晶相,有的呈非晶相?晶体生长是由自组装形成的还是由外界条件决定的?是哪项因素决定了晶体生长时原子的有序排列?本文根据实际现象,用晶体生长的热力学理论分析了逆向离子解离对晶体成核及生长的作用机理,并对固态材料的形成与晶体成核生长之间的关系也作了进一步的阐述和分析,由此得出结论认为,由化学键结合的材料在晶体生长时必须伴随着逆向离子解离平衡,正是固态材料形成过程中的逆向离子解离过程,如同时伴随着电离的溶解、熔化及升华过程,决定了晶体生长时原子的有序排列。
Why some materials are formed as crystalline and the other are non-crystalline during melt solidification, solution precipitation or vapor deposition? Does the crystal grow by self-assembling or external configuration? What is the dominant factor for the regular atomic arrangement during crystal growth? The effect of ionic dissociation on crystal growth and nucleation was analyzed with the thermodynamic theory based on the practical experience. The relationship of crystal growth and nucleation with solid forming process was discussed by giving some examples. It is indicated that for chemical bond materials, the crystal growth is a solid forming process, which must be accompanied with the reverse ionic dissociation equilibrium. The reverse ionic dissociation, such as the ionization attended dissolving, melting or subliming, has arranged the atoms orderly during the solid forming.
出处
《人工晶体学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第5期848-856,共9页
Journal of Synthetic Crystals
关键词
固态材料
晶体生长
热力学理论
逆向离子解离
晶体成核
<Keyword>ionic dissociation
solidification
precipitation
deposition
nucleation
crystal growth
