4Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine. How to practice and teach EBM (secorgd edition). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingston, 2000, 1～240
5Bowden CL, Brugger AM, Swann AC, et al. Efficacy of divalproex vs lithium and placebo in the treatment of mania. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1994, 27 : 918
6Garfinkel PE, Stancer HC, Persad E. A comparison of haloperidol,lithium carbonate and their combination in the treatment of mania.Journal of Affective Disorders, 1980, 2: 279
7Shapiro DR, Quitkin FM, Fleiss JL. Response to maintenance therapy in bipolar illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1989,46 : 401
8Placidi GF, Lenzi F, et al. The comparative efficacy and safety of carbamazepine versus lithium: a randomized, double-blind 3-year trial in 83 patients. Journal of Chincal Psychiatry, 1986, 47 : 490
9Angst J. The course of affective disorders. Psycholpathology,1986 19(suppl 2) : 47
10Coryell, Keller M, Endicott J, et al. Bipolar I illness: course and outcome over a five year period. Psychological Medicine, 1989,19 :
5Sackett DL,Straur SE,RichardsonMS,et al.Evidence based medieine:how to practice and teach EBM (second edition)[M].Edinburgh;chrill Livingston,2000:1～24
6李强.循证医学[M].第1版.北京:科学出版社,2001:1～11
7Margison F.Evidence-based medicine in the psychological treatment of schizophrenia[J].J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry,2003,31(1):177
8Darzins P,LonGiudice D.Clinical testing in general practice﹒What is the evidence?[J].Aust Fam Physician,1999,28(12):1241
9Geddes JR,Burgess S,Hawton K,et al.Long-term lithium therapy for bipolar disorder:systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Am J Psychiatry,2004,16(2):217
