摘要
阐述了林、草之间和草、畜之间的关系。林草互相竞争,又互相受益。森林影响光照,从而影响草地产草量,但一定密度的森林对含蓄土壤水分,减少牧草蒸发,保持草地气温、土温稳定,对牧草生长有益。而草地的管理、施肥、放牧牲畜的粪尿、牧草的固氮作用等,又促进了森林的生长。草地产草量的季节性变化,可影响放牧牲畜的增重与繁殖。草地的载畜量取决于草地的产草量,草地负荷过重,可导致草地退化,放牧牲畜的生产性能下降,但适宜的载畜量可提高放牧牲畜的生产性能,保持草地的良性演替,延长草地的利用年限。
The forest grassland can produces from 4200 to 4500Kg DM of forage; Grazes 3 heads of half fine wool sheep and produces 15Kg Sheep's wool; adds 2 lambs and increases 5.03M^3 wood storage per ha. year in higher tree density(62.5 plants/mu); altogether increases a new 1300 Yuan output value. Cultivating grass and grazing Livestocks under forest, not only increases animal products; but further more greatly accelerate forestry products and incomes, and raises benefit of land ulilization, and Provides a new way of reasonablly exploiting land resources. In forestry-Pasture-livestocks ecosystem, the forest influences the herbage yield pasture by influencing sunlight, but the forest in proper tree density is of benefit to storage of soil moisture; reduce of water's evaporation from grass, keeping steady air temperature and earth temperature on pasture and growth of herbage. Fertitizers application on herbage, dung-urioe of grazing animal and nitrogen fixation of legume herbage, not only provide nutriment for the tree, but also promote growth of the tree. Stocking rate of the pasture is controlled by the herbage yields, if stocking rate is higher, then the pasture is overgrazed, in that way, the grassland doterioraled. forage yield reduces, morcover, production perfermance of grazing animal reduces along withthem. But proper stocking rate can keeps favourable development of the grassland, lengthen using-term of it, and give normal play to animal production perfermance.
出处
《家畜生态》
1993年第3期12-19,共8页
Ecology of Domestic Animal
关键词
农业生态系统
生物生产力
Ecosystem
Biological productivity
Interrelation
