摘要
选择川西高原的部分地区为研究区,以地形图、TM及ETM+影像为数据源,通过野外调查和目视解译作为信息提取手段,运用遥感技术与地理信息系统的空间数据库进行管理和空间分析,建立了研究区12个子河段的土地覆盖/利用的地形图数据库、TM/ETM+影像数据库。解译结果图形数据库和属性数据库,并通过分析确定了各个子区的土地覆盖/利用情况,研究结果表明高覆盖高寒草甸、高寒灌丛草甸、乔木林地和灌木林地是该区的主要土地覆盖类别,它们的面积占到整个研究区面积的84.14%,这也说明该地区植被覆盖较高,同时基于GIS的空间分析发现研究区植被覆盖具有较强的高度带分布特征。
An area located among of 98.5°～102.5°E and 31°～33.65°N with 49117.9 km^2, part of the West Sichuan Plateau, also part of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the West Engineering of Water Transfer from South to North China, was studied in the paper. The TM and ETM+ images (1995, 1999) were interpreted with the information resources of relief maps, by using the techniques of remote sensing, the geographical information system, the information extracting means of field investigation and the interpretation on the computer screen. And the database of land cover/land use and the land type of this area were also established. The database includes the TM image database, the digital relief maps database, the land cover/land use database (1∶100 000) and its attributing database. The results show that the types of high-cold meadow with high coverage, high-cold shrub meadow, high-forest and shrub forest , with the 84.14% of the total area ,are the main types in the test area. The spatial distribution of land cover/use show that: first, the region with altitude above 4 600 m a.s.l. in this area is usual a dividing ridge, where the vegetation is mainly high-cold meadow with low coverage; second, the region with altitude of 4 000~4 600 m a.s.l. is the main part of this area, where the vegetation is mainly high-cold meadow with high coverage, and high-cold steppe with low coverage; third, 40% of this area with altitude of 2 800~4 000 m a.s.l., where the vegetation is mainly high-cold steppe with high coverage, and part of high-cold shrub meadow, high-cold swamp meadow and shrub forest in the area with high moisture content; last, the area with altitude below 2800m a.s.l. is covered with by high-cold steppe, shrub forest and forest land. These results will provide the data for studying the hydrological characteristics of this area.
出处
《遥感技术与应用》
CSCD
2004年第5期328-333,共6页
Remote Sensing Technology and Application
关键词
遥感
地理信息系统
数据库
土地覆盖
Remote sensing, Geographical information system, Database, Land cover/land use
