摘要
利用一般杂交技术结合涂生长素保铃及授粉后的胚珠培养技术,克服种间杂交不亲和性,利用染色体加倍及回交加涂生长素保铃技术,克服种间杂种 F_1的不育性,已获得包括16个棉属野生种在内的不同世代的种间杂种30个。从陆地棉(G.hirsutum)黑山棉1号×亚洲棉(G.arboreum)简中1号×澳洲野生棉(G.sturfianum)三种杂种的后代中选育出 HAS-Ⅰ、HAS-Ⅱ两个抗病、优质,早熟的新种质材料;并已提供育种试用。在中棉所7号×司笃克氏棉杂种经回交已基本稳定的高代杂种材料中选出具有抗枯黄萎病,纤维品质优良、早熟、抗旱、抗蚜虫等的基础材料。
Wild species resources in Cossypium are a rich and valuable germplasm pool for cotton breeding and variety improvment.They possess some useful genetical traits,such as disease and insect resistance,drought and cold resistance,salt tolerance,and have good fiber quality which the cultivars lack.The useful germplasm can be transfered into the cultivated backgrounds by hybridizing the wild species with cultivars and by backcrossing,resulting in enriching the genetic base of cultivated varieties,improving the crop performance,and de- veloping new high yeilding strains with good quality,early maturity and multiple-resistance.In the present study,31 mterspecific hybrids from different generations have been developed,involving 13 wild species in Gossypium,using the ovule culture of interspecific hybrids in combination with the conventional crossing technique,the use of auxin after pollination for boll-retention,the treatment of F_1 hybrids by colchicine for chromosome doubling and backcrossing,etc.A number of new germplasm materials have been selected from a portion of interspecific crossing progenies of advanced generations with relatively stable characters,such as good fiber quality,early maturing,Verticillium and Fusarium wilt resistance,and high growth vigour.Some of the materials can be released for the utilization in cotton breeding.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第1期9-14,共6页
Cotton Science
关键词
野生棉
种间杂交
种质转育
棉花
wild cotton species
interspecific crosses
germplasm transfer
