摘要
在人类文字研究领域,有两种比较流行的分类法,一种是诞生于18世纪的符形法,另一种是形成于20世纪的语段法。然而,它们均偏离了普通语言学的基本原理。形态法的错误在于混淆了图画与文字的范畴。语段法的失误在于以偏概全。从语言的语音层面切入,可以发现:人类语言“两极”之间的基础差异——词的音节数的差异,决定了两者的文字系统的基本单位——“字符”的直接功能的差异,并最终决定了“两极”文字体系的类型特性的差异。所以,普通文字学的宏观分类,应该采用以“字符”的功能为标准的分类法。依照“功能法”分类而形成的普通文字学新分类体系,与索绪尔的“三类两极”语言体系形成了严格的对应关系。
When we contrasted the phone-frame of word of 'two poles'of mankind language system and analysed them, we finded that the main difference between them is the difference of syllable figure in a word . And it must lead to the difference between the function of the basic unit of their script system that we called 'script symble'. And it finally lead to lead to the difference of characteristic of their script system. So we recognize that the correct classiflcation of general philology must be accordanced with the function of 'script symbol'. When we according with 'function classiflcation', we find that the basie types of general writing's system are correspond to the basie types of general linguistic system ,or called 'tree kinds and two poles' , that was created by Saussure.
出处
《语言研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2004年第3期79-83,共5页
Studies in Language and Linguistics
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题(204YY01)
关键词
普通文字学
分类法
体系
词框
编码
功能
general philology
classification
system
phone-frame of word
coding
function
