摘要
1998年11月和1999年1、4、8月在三亚湾(109°28′6″E,18°13′36″N;水深约15m)进行了24h的浮游动物昼夜连续分层采样。结果表明,浮游动物的昼夜垂直移动季节变化显著,春季在中上层(0—10m)分布,夏季营显著的白天下降、夜晚上升的移动。三亚湾浮游动物的昼夜垂直移动可划分为移动显著和不显著两大类型,前者又可划分为白天下降、夜晚上升,白天上升、夜晚下降,傍晚和清晨上升、白天和夜晚下降3种类型;后者又可划分为中上层分布和各水层均匀分布2种类型。此外,有些种类的昼夜垂直移动无明显的规律。光照是影响浮游动物昼夜垂直移动的重要因素。浮游植物密度与浮游动物的昼夜垂直移动关系不密切。夏季浮游动物的大型种类肥胖箭虫(Sagittaenflata)、亚强次真哲水蚤(Subeucalanussubcrassus)可以穿越温跃层的上界而进入表层。浮游动物昼夜垂直移动的幅度不但与种类的个体大小有关,而且也与水深和种类的习性有关。
Zooplankton was collected by diel vertically-stratified sampling in November of 1998 and January, April and August of 1999 at a station in the Sanya Bay which is located in 109°28′6″E, 18°13′36″N and has a water depth of 15m. The results showed that the characteristics of diel vertical migration of total zooplankton abundance had an obvious seasonal variation. In spring, zooplankton abundance centralized in upper and middle layers (0-10m); while in summer, zooplankton migrated vertically, sinking by day and rising by night. The zooplankton in the Sanya Bay could be grouped into two types, i.e. species with and without evident diel vertical migration. The species with evident diel vertical migration could be further divided into three types: 1) species sinking by day and rising by night; 2) species rising by day and sinking by night; 3) species rising at dusk and dawn, sinking by day and night. The species without evident diel vertical migration could be also divided into two types, i.e. species mainly distributed in upper and middle layers and species equably distributed in each layer. Besides these, the diel vertical migration of some species was irregular. Light was an important factor affecting the diel vertical migration of zooplankton. The diel vertical migration of zooplankton was irrelevant to the phytoplankton density. In summer, macrozooplankton Sagitta enflata and Subeucalanus subcrassus could exceed the top of thermocline into surface layer. The extension of diel vertical migration of zooplankton appeared to be related to individual size, water depth and natural behavior of species.
出处
《热带海洋学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第5期25-33,共9页
Journal of Tropical Oceanography
基金
中国科学院重点项目B类(KZ980201)
中国科学院生物多样性专项项目(YQ020201)
关键词
三亚湾
浮游动物
昼夜垂直移动
环境因素
Sanya Bay
zooplankton
diel vertical migration
environmental factor
