摘要
目的 研究新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU)败血症和菌血症的病原菌分布及其耐药情况 ,为合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法 对 2 0 0 0年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 8月广州市儿童医院NICU中 10 90例新生儿的 10 90份血标本进行培养、分离、鉴定及药敏分析。结果 10 90份血标本培养共分离病原菌 15种 2 5 2株 ,总阳性率为 2 3 1%。其中革兰阳性球菌 2 12株 ,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占优势 ,其次为金黄色葡萄球菌 ;革兰阴性杆菌 38株 ,以大肠埃希菌居多 ,肺炎克雷伯杆菌次之。革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦、克林霉素等的敏感性较高 ;革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮 /舒巴坦、羟氨苄 /克拉维酸具有很高的敏感性。结论 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等是NICU中新生儿败血症 /菌血症最常见的几种病原菌 ,对常用的抗菌药物有程度不同的耐药性。
Objective To study the distribution of pathogens causing neonatal septicemia/bacteriemia and their drug-resistance in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to provide evidence for reasonable use of antibiotics.Methods Blood samples from 1090 inpatients in NICU were cultured and isolated.All of the isolates were tested by Kirby-Bauer susceptibility and their resistances were analyzed according to NCCLS standard.Results A total of 15 species and 252 pathogenic strains were isolated from 1090 specimens,and the positive rate was 23.1%.Among them,212 strains were gram-positive cocci and 38 strains gram-negative bacilli.Among gram-positive cocci,the most dominant organism was coagulase negative staphylococcus,the next was Staphylococcus aureus;while among gram-negative bacilli,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated.The resistance rates of gram-positive cocci to vancomycin,teicoplanin,cefoperazone/sulbactam and clindamycin were rather lower.The resistance rates of gram-negative bacilli to imipenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid were the lowest.Conclusion Coagulase negative staphylococcus,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the primary pathogens for neonatal septicemia/bacteriemia in NICU.Drug resistance varies in different bacteria.
出处
《中国实用儿科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期339-341,共3页
Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics
